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Biochar; a Remedy for Climate Change

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Environment, Climate, Plant and Vegetation Growth

Abstract

Researchers and scientists have agreed upon a commitment to lower greenhouse gases (GHG) emission values by 40–70% compared to 2010 values and to keep the temperature rise at 1.5 °C by mid-century. Several proposed solutions have been put forward by scientific community to fulfill this commitment. Biochar is an emerging solution to problems relating soil and environmental degradation due post green revolution measures taken by humanity to boost agricultural production. Being rich in carbon and having greater stability, biochar has several benefiting properties such as surface area, porosity, water holding capacity, adsorption capacity, and cation exchange capacity that may persist for decades or even centuries. These properties greatly help in sustainably maintaining soil and environmental health and increasing crop production. Besides, biochar has been proven to have great carbon sequestration capacity. Biochar in its original form and after physical or chemical activation has been found to be an excellent CO2 adsorbent with stable recyclability and regeneration. It also increases soil aeration, hence decreasing the activities of methanogens and consequently reducing methane emissions. Biochar increases the C:N ratio of the soil which according to several researchers may help reduce nitrous oxide emissions from the soil. Biochar has also been proven an effective sorbent for organic and inorganic wastes including heavy metals and pesticides. This sorbent capacity of biochar comes from its greater surface area and microporosity which can be further increased by techniques employed during pyrolysis. In its climate change mitigation efforts, biochar is a suitable alternative to fossil fuel driven energy production. Biochar has been used in the production of clean energy sources such as for sorption of hydrogen, development of super capacitors, as solid acid catalyst for biodiesel production and as cathodes in fuel cell systems such as Direct Carbon Fuel Cell (DCFC) and Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC). This chapter provides with ample examples from previous and ongoing studies that makes biochar a potential candidate among solutions being put forward by scientific community to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan

    Muhammad Arif, Talha Jan,  Amanullah & Fahd Rasul

  2. Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Riaz

  3. Hainan Key Laboratory For Sustaianable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China

    Shah Fahad

  4. Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan

    Shah Fahad

  5. Department of Agriculture, The University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan

    Shah Fahad & Muhammad Adnan

  6. Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan

    Kawsar Ali

  7. Department of Soil Environmental Science, University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan

    Ishaq Ahmad Mian

  8. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan

    Bushra Khan

Authors
  1. Muhammad Arif
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  2. Talha Jan
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  3. Muhammad Riaz
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  4. Shah Fahad
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  5. Muhammad Adnan
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  6. Amanullah
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  7. Kawsar Ali
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  8. Ishaq Ahmad Mian
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  9. Bushra Khan
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  10. Fahd Rasul
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Correspondence to Muhammad Arif .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Hainan Key Laboratory For Sustaianable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China

    Shah Fahad

  2. Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Mirza Hasanuzzaman

  3. Department of Agriculture, The University of Swabi, Ambar, Pakistan

    Mukhtar Alam

  4. Department of Agriculture, The University of Swabi, Ambar, Pakistan

    Hidayat Ullah

  5. Department of Agriculture, The University of Swabi, Ambar, Pakistan

    Muhammad Saeed

  6. The University of Swabi, Ambar, Pakistan

    Imtiaz Ali Khan

  7. Department of Agriculture, The University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

    Muhammad Adnan

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Arif, M. et al. (2020). Biochar; a Remedy for Climate Change. In: Fahad, S., et al. Environment, Climate, Plant and Vegetation Growth. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49732-3_8

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