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Nanomaterials: Therapeutic Agent for Antimicrobial Therapy

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Nanostructures for Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Applications

Part of the book series: Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences ((NALIS))

Abstract

In recent time, nanomaterials have been developed as the most auspicious therapeutic remedy toward the infectious microbes, which cannot be healed through traditional treatments. The ancient age treatments via antibiotic drugs are now failed toward microbes, owing to their heavy and unnecessary high dose consumption by the common people. Now, the microbes have become resistant to these antibiotic medicines, and therefore, the nanomaterials came in light to tackle these rising problems related to microbe infections.

Among the various nanomaterials, the carbonaceous nanomaterials (including carbon nanotubes, fullerene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide) and heavy metals (gold, silver) and their oxides (silver oxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide) are more commonly employed as antimicrobial agent. In this chapter, we have discussed the antimicrobial activity of these nanomaterials and their mode of action/mechanism. Their unique small size, high surface/volume ratio, large inner volume, and unique chemical and physical properties resulted in efficient antimicrobial activity or antibiofilm activity. Generally, antimicrobial activity/property of the nanomaterials is mainly dependent on the composition, surface modification, and intrinsic properties of the nanomaterials as well as type of microorganism. In this book chapter, the future aspect and challenges faced by nanomaterials toward efficient and effective bactericidal effect are also discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India

    Kartick Chandra Majhi, Paramita Karfa & Rashmi Madhuri

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  1. Kartick Chandra Majhi
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  2. Paramita Karfa
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  3. Rashmi Madhuri
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India

    Ram Prasad

  2. Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India

    Busi Siddhardha

  3. Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India

    Madhu Dyavaiah

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Author Declaration, Mr. Majhi and Ms. Karfa have given the major contribution in writing this book chapter along with drawing the figures and tables, taking the copyright permission, etc.

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Majhi, K.C., Karfa, P., Madhuri, R. (2020). Nanomaterials: Therapeutic Agent for Antimicrobial Therapy. In: Prasad, R., Siddhardha, B., Dyavaiah, M. (eds) Nanostructures for Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Applications. Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40337-9_1

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