Abstract
Tumor-induced osteomalacia is an acquired paraneoplastic disease of the bone that occurs due to oversecretion of the phosphaturic hormone FGF23 by a functioning tumor. Clinical features are similar to other causes of osteomalacia such as bone pains, bone deformities, and bone weakness. The underlying causative tumor is usually asymptomatic. Laboratory hallmarks are hypophosphatemia, phosphaturia, and low 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D. The causative tumor must be located by a combination of physical examination and functional and anatomical imaging tests. Cure is possible and prognosis is favorable when the causative tumor is completely excised. When surgery is not possible or carries significant postoperative morbidity, a variety of pharmacologic agents and tumor-directed therapies can be employed.
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Abbreviations
- CT:
-
Computed tomography
- DOTANOC:
-
1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane -D-Phe1-1-Nal3-octreotide
- DOTATATE:
-
1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid octreotate
- DOTATOC:
-
1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic-acid-D-Phe1 -Tyr3 –octreotide
- FDG:
-
Fluorodeoxyglucose
- FGF:
-
Fibroblast growth factor
- HYNIC-TOC:
-
Hydrazinonicotinyl-Tyr3-Octreotide
- MEPE:
-
Matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein
- MIBI:
-
Methoxyisobutylisonitrile
- MRI:
-
Magnetic resonance imaging
- NPT:
-
Sodium-phosphate cotransporter
- OOM:
-
Oncogenic osteomalacia
- PET:
-
Positron emission tomography
- PMT:
-
Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor
- PMTMCT:
-
Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor, mixed connective tissue variant
- sFRP-4:
-
Secreted frizzled-related protein 4
- SPECT:
-
Single photon emission computed tomography
- TIO:
-
Tumor-induced osteomalacia
- TmP/GFR:
-
Tubular maximum reabsorption of phosphate corrected for glomerular filtration rate
- TRP:
-
Tubular phosphate reabsorption
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Sandoval, M.A. (2019). Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia. In: Camacho, P. (eds) Metabolic Bone Diseases. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03694-2_11
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