Abstract
Impulsivity is often described as a predisposition to act prematurely without foresight and is associated with a number of neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders such as pathological gambling, drug addiction, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and Parkinson’s disease. Given the central role of impulsivity in these and other brain disorders there has been widespread interest in elucidating the neurobiological mechanisms and particularly the genetic substrates that govern the expression of specific impulsivity endophenotypes. Ultimately, such research could facilitate the development of new pharmacotherapies for the impulse control disorders, defined within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5). Here we discuss the gene variants, identified predominantly via candidate gene approaches, associated with impulsivity in healthy subjects and neuropsychiatric patient groups, with a particular focus on those found to predict individual variability in impulse control. We discuss the potential of methodologies beyond candidate gene sequencing, utilizing advances in whole genome sequencing, animal models of impulsivity and neuroimaging that collectively implicate specific gene products in impulsivity.
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Acknowledgements
The author’s research is supported by a Medical Research Council (MRC) grant to JD, Enrico Petretto, Tim Aitman, Barry Everitt, and Trevor Robbins (G0802729) and by a joint award from the MRC (G1000183) and Wellcome Trust (093875/Z/10/Z) in support of the Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute (BCNI) at Cambridge University. BJ is supported by a Fellowship from the AXA Research Fund.
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Jupp, B., Dalley, J.W. (2016). The Genetics of Impulsivity: A Synthesis of Findings in Humans and Rodent Models. In: Gewirtz, J., Kim, YK. (eds) Animal Models of Behavior Genetics. Advances in Behavior Genetics. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3777-6_3
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