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The Agrobacterium Virulence System

  • Chapter
Plant Molecular Biology 2

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSA,volume 212))

Abstract

The soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens causes the plant tumor crown gall at wound sites on dicotyledonous plants (Fig.1). During crown gall induction, agrobacteria transfer a segment of their tumor-inducing (Ti)-plasmid to plant cells at the wound sites. This transferred (T)-DNA, which becomes integrated in one or more of the chromosomes of the host plant cells either in one copy or in a limited number of copies, is responsible for the tumorous character of crown gall cells. This is due to the overproduction of an auxin (IAA) and a cytokinin (isopentenyl-AMP) in these cells via enzymes that are encoded by genes in the T-DNA. Besides these well-characterized one-genes the T-DNA contains some other one-genes (e.g. gene 6b) that are important for tumorigenicity of particalar plant species (Hooykaas et al., 1988). A characteristic feature of crown gall cells is that they produce compounds called opines which are mostly built from an amino acid and a keto acid. The synthases catalyzing the formation of these opines are encoded by genes located in the T-DNA. Agrobacterium can be classified on the basis of the opines that are produced in the tumor they induce. Thus octopine, nopaline, succinamopine and leucinopine strains have been described. A number of recent reviews describe several aspects of the Agrobacterium-plant interaction in detail (Hooykaas and Schilperoort, 1984; Nester et al., 1984; Koukolikova-Nicola et al., 1987; Melchers and Hooykaas, 1987; Binns and Thomashow, 1988).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Plant Molecular Biology, Clusius Laboratory, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 64, 2333 AL, Leiden, The Netherlands

    Paul J. J. Hooykaas, Leo S. Melchers, Kees W. Rodenburg & Stefan C. H. Turk

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  2. Leo S. Melchers
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  1. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany

    R. G. Herrmann

  2. University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA

    B. A. Larkins

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Hooykaas, P.J.J., Melchers, L.S., Rodenburg, K.W., Turk, S.C.H. (1991). The Agrobacterium Virulence System. In: Herrmann, R.G., Larkins, B.A. (eds) Plant Molecular Biology 2. NATO ASI Series, vol 212. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3304-7_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3304-7_20

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