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Measurement of the Uptake of Chromium

  • Chapter
Biocompatibility of Co-Cr-Ni Alloys

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSA,volume 171))

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Summary

Chromium is held to be an essential trace element. It’s measurement in biological media presents great difficulty due to the ubiquitous presence of the metal in the environment and it’s very low concentration: The ideal technique to measure chromium combining sensitivity, precision and rapidity does not exist, but probably atomic absorption spectroscopy offers the best compromise. Hair, urine and serum are all analysed to determine the chromium status but none of these is directly related to tissue chromium level or to physiological activity in the individual. The site of activity of chromium at the molecular level has not yet been determined, but the physiological activity of chromium appears to be in conjunction with insulin. These are several body pools for chromium, the interaction between them remains to be defined. Improvement in glucose tolerance and a hypocholestremic effect have been attributed to chromium supplementation. Chromium intake, exercise, glucose tolerance and pregnancy have been shown to influence chromium values in serum and urine and must be taken into consideration when assessing chromium measurements. Chromium may be toxic both as hexavalent ion (industry) and trivalent ion (implants), the actuel mechanism may involve free radical toxicity and deformation of DNA. Much more information concerning tissue levels in healthy subjects and those at risk for chromium deficiency and excess, and also information concerning the biochemistry and physiology of chromium is mandatory before hard and fast conclusions can be drawn concerning the biological activity of this metal in involants.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada

    Dennis Shapcott

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  1. Dennis Shapcott
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lille, France

    Hartmut F. Hildebrand

  2. University Hospital Center of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

    Maxime Champy

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© 1988 Plenum Press, New York

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Shapcott, D. (1988). Measurement of the Uptake of Chromium. In: Hildebrand, H.F., Champy, M. (eds) Biocompatibility of Co-Cr-Ni Alloys. NATO ASI Series, vol 171. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0757-0_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0757-0_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8067-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-0757-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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