Abstract
The biosynthesis of many different types of secondary metabolites that serve defensive functions in different plant species is regulated by hormones belonging to the group of jasmonate compounds. Regulation acts at the level of transcription of structural genes encoding biosynthetic enzymes. Here we review recent insights into the mechanisms of signal transduction initiated by jasmonates leading to the activation of transcription factors. We present models for jasmonate signal transduction regulating tobacco alkaloid biosynthesis and terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus. The models propose that perception of a bioactive jasmonate derivative by the receptor CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1) results in the degradation of Jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) proteins. Since these JAZ proteins repress the activity of the basic-Helix-Loop-Helix transcription factor MYC2, MYC2 then activates the expression of genes encoding certain members of the APETALA2/Ethylene Response Factor (AP2/ERF) family of transcription factors, which in turn activate the expression of alkaloid biosynthesis genes.
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Acknowledgements
HZ was supported by the Research Council for Earth and Life Sciences (ALW) with financial aid from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO; grant # 812.06.002). The unpublished work on CrMYC2 was done in collaboration with Sabah Hedhili, Guillaume Chatel, Martial Pré and Pascal Gantet from the François Rabelais University in Tours, France. The unpublished work on the CrJAZ proteins was done in collaboration with Laurens Pauwels and Alain Goossens from the Department of Plant Systems Biology at Ghent University in Ghent, Belgium.
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Zhang, H., Memelink, J. (2009). Regulation of Secondary Metabolism by Jasmonate Hormones. In: Osbourn, A., Lanzotti, V. (eds) Plant-derived Natural Products. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-85498-4_8
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