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Infectious Agents Associated with Head and Neck Carcinomas

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Advances in Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Public Health

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AMIDPH,volume 897))

Abstract

In addition to traditional risk factors such as smoking habits and alcohol consumption, certain microbes also play an important role in the generation of head and neck carcinomas. Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus types is strongly associated with the development of oropharyngeal carcinoma, and Epstein-Barr virus appears to be indispensable for the development of non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx. Other viruses including torque teno virus and hepatitis C virus may act as co-carcinogens, increasing the risk of malignant transformation. A shift in the composition of the oral microbiome was associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma, although the causal or casual role of oral bacteria remains to be clarified. Conversion of ethanol to acetaldehyde, a mutagenic compound, by members of the oral microflora as well as by fungi including Candida albicans and others is a potential mechanism that may increase oral cancer risk. In addition, distinct Candida spp. also produce NBMA (N-nitrosobenzylmethylamine), a potent carcinogen. Inflammatory processes elicited by microbes may also facilitate tumorigenesis in the head and neck region.

*Author contributed equally with all other contributors.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Division of Virology, National Center for Epidemiology, Albert F. ut 2-6, H-1097, Budapest, Hungary

      Andrea Hettmann & Mária Takács

    2. Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary

      Anett Demcsák & Janos Minarovits

    3. Department of Oral Surgery, University of Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt. 64, H-6720, Szeged, Hungary

      Gábor Decsi & Katalin Nagy

    4. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, University of Szeged, Tisza L. krt. 111, H-6725, Szeged, Hungary

      Ádám Bach, Dóra Pálinkó & László Rovó

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    Hettmann, A. et al. (2015). Infectious Agents Associated with Head and Neck Carcinomas. In: Donelli, G. (eds) Advances in Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Public Health. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 897. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2015_5005

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