Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abram U, Abram S, Schibli R et al (1992) Synthesis and structures of technetium (I) and rhenium (I) tricarbonyl complexes with bis(diphenylthiophosphoryl)amide, {M(CO)3[Ph2PS)2N](CH3CN)}(M=Tc, Re). Polyhedron 17:1303–1309
Agdeppa ED, Kepe V, Flores-Torees S et al (2001a) In vitro binding characteristics of FDDNP and a new analog for synthetic [beta]-amyloid fibrils. J Nucl Med 42:64P
Agdeppa D, Kepe V, Liu J et al (2001b) Binding characteristics of radiofluorinated 6-dialkylamino-2-naphtylethylidene derivatives as positron emission tomography imaging probes for β-amyloid plaques in Alzheimer’s disease. J Neurosci 21:RC189 (1–5)
Agdeppa ED, Kepe V, Shogi-Jadid K et al (2001c) In vivo and in vitro labeling of plaques and tangles in the brain of an Alzheimer’s disease patient: a case study. J Nucl Med 42:65P
Agdeppa ED, Kepe V, Petri A et al (2003) In-vitro detection of (S)-naproxen and ibuprofen binding to plaques in the Alzheimer’s brain using the positron emission tomography molecular imaging probe 2-(1-[6-[(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)(methyl)amino]-2-naphthyl] ethylidene)malononitrile. Neuroscience 117:723–730
Alberto R, Welch MJ (2003) Tc(CO)(3)](+) chemistry: a promising new concept for SPET? For and Against. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 30:1299–1304
Alberto R, Schibli R, Egli A et al (1998a) Steps towards [(C5-Me5)TcO3] novel synthesis of [C5Me5)Tc(CO)3] from [{Tc(m3-OH)(CO)3}4] and oxidation of [(C5Me)5M(CO)3] (M=Tc,Re) with Br2}. Polyhedron 17:1133–1140
Alberto R, Schibli R, Egli A et al (1998b) A novel organometallic aqua complex of technetium for the labeling of biomolecules: synthesis of [99mTc(OH2)3(CO)3]+ from [99mTcO4]− in aqueous solution and its reaction with a bifunctional ligand. J Am Chem Soc 120:7987–7988
Amara SG, Kuhar MJ (1993) Neurotransmitter transporters: recent progress. Annu Rev Neurosci 16:73–93
Anon (1989) In vitro stabilization of technetium-99m exametazime (HM-PAO). Res Discl 305:666
Bakker WH, Brunss AC, Breeman WAP et al (1991a) [111In-DTPA-D-Phe1]-octreotide, a potential radiopharmaceutical for imaging of somatostatin receptor-positive tumors: synthesis, radiolabeling and in vitro validation. Life Sci 49:1583–1591
Bakker WH, Krenning EP, Breeman WAP et al (1991b) In vivo use of radioiodinated somastatin analogue: dynamics, metabolism and binding to somatostatin receptor positive tumors in man. J Nucl Med 32:1184–1189
Bakker WH, Krenning EP, Reubi JC et al (1991c) In vivo application of [111In-DTPA-D-Phe1]-octreotide for detection of somatostatin receptor-positive tumors in rats. Life Sci 49:1593–1601
Ballinger JR (2001) Imaging hypoxia in tumors. Semin Nucl Med 31:321–329
Ballinger JR, Gulenchyn K (1991) Alternative formulations for technetium-99m HMPAO. Int J Appl Radiat Isotop 42:315–316
Ballinger JR, Banneman J, Boxen I et al (1996) Technetium-99m-tetrofosmin as a substrate for P-glycoprotein: in vitro studies in multidrug-resistant breast tumor cells. J Nucl Med 37:1578–1582
Ballinger JR, Muzzammil T, Moore MJ (1997) Technetium-99m-furifosmin as an agent for functional imaging of multidrug resistance in tumors. J Nucl Med 38:1915–1919
Barclay NA, Birkeland ML, Brown MH et al (eds) (1990) The leukocyte antigen facts book. Academic, New York, p 138
Barrio JR, Huang SC, Satyamurthy N et al (1999) PET imaging of tangles and plaques in Alzheimer disease with a highly hydrophobic probe. J Labelled Compd Radiopharm 42:S194–S195
Bartenstein P, Ludolph A, Schober O et al (1991) Benzodiazepine receptors and cerebral blood flow in partial epilepsy. Eur J Nucl Med 18:111–118
Beer HF, Blauenstein PA, Hasler PH et al (1990) In vitro and in vivo evaluation of iodine-123-Ro 16-0154: a new imaging agent for SPECT investigations of benzodiazepine receptors. J Nucl Med 31:1007–1014
Bengel FM, Anton M, Richter T et al (2003) Noninvasive imaging of transgene expression by use of positron emission tomography in a pig model of myocardial gene transfer. Circulation 108:2127–2133
Berger G, Mazière M, Comar D (1979) Automated synthesis of 11C-labeled radiopharmaceuticals: imipramine, chlorpromazine, nicotine, methionine. Int J Appl Radiat Isot 30:393–399
Billinghurst MW, Abrams DN, Lawson MS (1991) Stabilization of [99mTc]HMPAO-1. Ethanolic preparation. Int J Appl Radiat Isotop 42:607–612
Blankenberg FG, Katsikis PD, Tait JF et al (1998) In vivo detection and imaging of phosphatidylserine expression during programmed cell death. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:6349–6354
Blum J, Handmaker H, Lister-James J et al (2000) A multicenter trial with a somatostatin analog (99m)Tc depreotide in the evaluation of solitary pulmonary nodules. Chest 117:1219–1220
Bobeldijk M, Verhoeff NPLG, Vekemans JAJM et al (1990) A simple and high-yield synthesis of (S)-BZM, (R)-BZM and (S)-IBZM for the preparation of (S)-123I-IBZM. J Labeled Compds Radiopharm 28:1247–1256
Boja JW, Carroll FI, Rahman MA et al (1990) New, potent cocaine analogs: ligand binding and transport studies in rat striatum. Eur J Pharm 184:329–332
Bruehlmeier M, Roelcke U, Schubiger PA et al (2004) Assessment of hypoxia and perfusion in human brain tumors using PET with [18F]fluoromisonidazole and [15O]H2O. J Nucl Med 45:1851–1859
Buchegger F, Bonvin F, Kosinski M et al (2003) Radiolabeled neurotensin analog, 99mTc-NT-XI, evaluated in ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients. J Nucl Med 44:1649–1654
Burch WM, Browitt RJ (1996) The transition from technegas to pertechnegas. J Nucl Med 37:1917–1918
Burch WM, Tetley IJ, Gras JL (1984) Technetium-99m ‘Pseudogas ‘for diagnostic studies in the lung. Clin Phys Physiol Meas 5:79–85
Burch WM, Sullivan PJ, Lomas FE et al (1986a) Lung ventilation studies with technetium-99m pseudogas. J Nucl Med 27:842–846
Burch WM, Sullivan PJ, McLaren CJ (1986b) Technegas — a new ventilation agent for lung scanning. Nucl Med Commun 7:865–871
Busatto GF, Pilowsky LS, Costa DC et al (1997) Initial evaluation of 123I-5-I-R91150, a selective 5-HT2A ligand for single-photon emission tomography, in healthy human subjects. Eur J Nucl Med 24:119–124
Carroll FI, Rahman MA, Abraham P et al (1991) [123I]3β-(4-iodophenyl)tropan-2β-carboxylic acid methyl ester (RTI-55), a unique cocaine receptor ligand for imaging the dopamine and serotonin transporters in vivo. Med Chem Res 1:289–294
Cayre A, Cachin F, Maublant J et al (2004) Does 99mTc-sestamibi uptake discriminate breast tumors? Cancer Invest 22:498–504
Chou KL, Hurtig HI, Stern MB et al (2004) Diagnostic accuracy of [99mTc]TRODAT-1 SPECT imaging in early Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 10:375–379
Cowen P 1991 Serotonin receptor subtypes implications for psychopharmacology. Br J Psychiatry 159[Supp 12]:7–14
Crombez D, Van Nerom C, Bormans G et al (1991) Practical aspects of labeling and quality control of Tc-99m MIBI. In: Schmidt HAE, van der Schoot JB (eds) The state of the art of nuclear medicine in Europe. Schattauer, Stuttgart, pp 106–108
Danpure HJ, Osman S, Carroll MJ (1988) Development of a clinical protocol for radiolabeling of mixed leukocytes with 99mTc-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime. Nucl Med Commun 9:465–475
Datz FL (1993) The current status of radionuclide infection imaging. In: Freeman LM (ed) Nuclear medicine annual. Raven, New York
Datz FL (1994) Indium-111-labeled leukocytes for the detection of infection: current status. Semin Nucl Med 24:92–109
Dehdashti F, Grigsby PW, Mintun MA et al (2003) Assessing tumor hypoxia in cervical cancer by positron emission tomography with 60Cu-ATSM: relationship to therapeutic response — a preliminary report. Int J Rad Oncol Biol Phys 55:1233–1238
Dewanjee MK (1990) The chemistry of 99mTc-labeled radiopharmaceuticals. Semin Nucl Med 20:5–27
Dezutter NA, De Groot TJ, Busson RH et al (1999a) Preparation of 99mTc-N2S2 conjugates of chrysamine G, potential probes for the beta-amyloid protein of Alzheimer’s disease. J Labelled Compd Radiopharm 42:309–324
Dezutter NA, Dom RJ, De Groot TJ et al (1999b) 99mTc-MAMA-chrysamine G, a probe for beta-amyloid protein of Alzheimer’s disease. Eur J Nucl Med 26:1392–1399
Dumas C, Petrig J, Schibli R et al (2001) Functionalisation of glucose for the labeling with 99mTc-tricarbonyl. J Labelled Compd Radiopharm 44:S57–S59
Dumas C, Schibli R, Schubiger PA (2003) Versatile routes to C-2-and C-6-functionalized glucose derivatives of iminodiacetic acid. J Org Chem 68:512–518
Dyszlewski ME, Bushman MJ, Alberto R et al (2001) Kit formulation and preliminary toxicity of [99mTc(CO)3]+ intermediate: a novel technetium radiopharmaceutical platform. J Labeled Compd Radiopharm 44:S483–S485
Frier M (1994) Leucocyte radiolabelling techniques: practical aspects. Scand J Gastroenterol 29[Suppl]:32–35
Gallacher BM, Ansari A, Atkins H et al (1977) Radiopharmaceuticals XXVII. 18F-labeled 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose as a radiopharmaceutical for measuring regional myocardial glucose metabolism in vivo: tissue distribution and imaging studies in animals. J Nucl Med 18:990–996
Grierson IR, Link JM, Mathis CA et al (1989) A radiosynthesis of fluorine-18 fluoromisonidazole. J Nucl Med 30:343–350
Grierson JR, Schwartz JL, Muzi M et al (2004) Metabolism of 3‘-deoxy-3‘-[18F]fluorothymidine in proliferating A549 cells: validations for positron emission tomography. Nucl Med Biol 31:829–837
Gronroos T, Bentzen L, Marjamaki P et al (2004) Comparison of the biodistribution of two hypoxia markers [18F]FETNIM and [18F]FMISO in an experimental mammary carcinoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 31:513–520
Halldin C, Farde L, Högberg T et al (1991) A comparative PET-study of five carbon-11 or fluorine-18 labelled salicylamides. Preparation and in vitro dopamine D-2 receptor binding. Nucl Med Biol 18:871–88
Hamacher K, Coenen HH (2002) Efficient production of the 18F-labelled amino acid O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine. Appl Rad Isot 57:853–856
Hamacher K, Coenen HH, Stöcklin G et al (1986) Efficient stereospecific synthesis of no-carrier-added 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose using aminopolyether supported nucleophilic substitution. J Nucl Med 27:235–238
Hamilton RG, Alderson PO (1977) A comparative evaluation of techniques for rapid and efficient in vivo labeling of red cells with [99mTc]pertechnetate. J Nucl Med 18:1010–1013
Han G, Cho CG, Lansbury PT (1996) Technetium complexes for the quantitation of brain amyloid. J Am Chem Soc 118:4506–4507
Hansen HJ, Jones AL, Sharkey RM et al (1990) Preclinical evaluation of an “instant” 99mTc-labeling kit for antibody imaging. Cancer Res [Suppl] 50:794s–798s
Hantraye P, Kaijima M, Prenant C et al (1984) Central type benzodiazepine binding sites: a positron emission tomography study in the baboon’s brain. Neuroscience Lett 48:115–120
Hartmann IJ, Hagen PJ, Stokkel MP et al (2001) Technegas versus 81mKr ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy: a comparative study in patients with suspected acute pulmonary embolism. J Nucl Med 42:393–400
Hegge FN, Hamilton GW, Larson SM et al (1978) Cardiac chamber imaging: a comparison of red blood cells, labeled with Tc-99m in vitro and in vivo. J Nucl Med 19:129–134
Henry C, Koumanov F, Ghezzi C et al (1995) Experimental models, protocols, and reference values for evaluation of iodinated analogues of glucose. Nucl Med Biol 22:875–885
Higley B, Smith FW, Smith T et al (1993) Technetium-99m-1,2 bis[bis(2-ethoxyethyl)phosphino]ethane: human biodistribution, dosimetry and safety of a new myocardial perfusion imaging agent. J Nucl Med 34:30–38
Hoepping A, Reisgys M, Brust P et al TROTEC-1 (1998) A new high-affinity ligand for labeling of the dopamine transporter. J Med Chem 41:4429–4432
Hoffend J, Mier W, Schmidt K et al (2004) In vivo characterization of gallium-68-DOTA-albumin, a generator-produced PET blood-pool tracer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 31:S257–S258
Högberg T, Ström P, de Paulis T et al (1991) Potential antipsychotic agents. 9. Synthesis and stereoselective dopamine D-2 receptor blockade of a potent class of substituted (R)-N-((1-benzyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)benzamides. Relation to other side chain congeners. J Med Chem 34:948–955
Hoyer D, Clarke D, Fozard J et al (1994) International union of pharmacology classification of receptors for 5-hydroxytrypamine. Pharmacol Rev 46:157–203
Huang TY, Hwang DR, Narendran R et al (2002) Comparative evaluation in nonhuman primates of five PET radiotracers for imaging the serotonin transporters: [11C]McN 5652. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 22:1377–1398
Huang WS, Lee MS, Lin JC et al (2004) Usefulness of brain 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPET for the evaluation of Parkinson’s disease. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 31:155–161
Hung JC, Gibbons RJ (1992) Breakage of technetium-99m-sestamibi vial with the use of a microwave oven. J Nucl Med 33:176–178
Hung JC, Volkert WA, Holmes RA (1989) Stabilization of technetium-99m-d,l-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (99mTc-d, l-HM-PAO) using gentisic acid. Nucl Med Biol 16:675–680
Hung JC, Wilson ME, Brown ML et al (1991) Rapid preparation and quality control method for technetium-99m-2-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile (Technetium-99m-sestamibi). J Nucl Med 32:2162–2168
Hung JC, Chowdhury S, Redfern MG et al (1997) Rapid preparation method for technetium-99m-bicisate. Eur J Nucl Med 24:655–659
Iqbal T, Cain JH, Slosky JJ (1989) Tris(isonitrile)copper(I) adducts for preparing radionuclide complexes for scintigraphy. PCT Int Appl WO 8902,433
Ishiwata K, Vaalburg W, Elsinga PH et al (1988) Comparison of l-[1-11C]methionine and l-methyl-[11C]methionine for measurement of in vivo protein synthesis rate with PET. J Nucl Med 29:1419–1427
Johnson EW, Woods SW, Zoghbi SS et al (1990) Receptor binding characterization of the benzodiazepine radioligand 125I-Ro 16-0154: potential probe for SPECT brain imaging. Life Sci 47:1535–1546
Kaufman MJ, Madras BK (1991) Severe depletion of cocaine recognition sites associated with the dopamine transporter in Parkinson’s diseased striatum. Synapse 49:43–49
Kawai K, Fujibayashi Y, Saji H et al (1991) A strategy for the study of cerebral amino acid transport using iodine-123 labeled amino acid radiopharmaceutical: 3-iodo-alphamethyl-l-tyrosine. J Nucl Med 32:819–824
Kemerink GJ, Liem IH, Dumont EA et al (2001a) Patient dosimetry of intravenously administered 99mTc-annexin V. J Nucl Med 42:382–387
Kemerink GJ, Boersma HH, Thimister PWL et al (2001b) Biodistribution and dosimetry of 99mTc-BTAP-annexin-V in humans. Eur J Nucl Med 28:1373–1378
Kemerink GJ, Liu X, Kieffer D et al (2003) Safety, biodistribution, and dosimetry of 99mTc-Hynic-Annexin V, a novel human recombinant Annexin V for human application. J Nucl Med 44:947–952
Klimek V, Stockmeier C, Overholser J et al (1997) Reduced levels of norepineprine transporters in the locus coeruleus in major depression. J Neurosc 17:8451–8458
Kloss G, Leven M (1979) Accumulation of radioiodinated tyrosine derivatives in adrenal medulla and in melanomas. Eur J Nucl Med 4:179–186
Klunk WE, Wang Y, Huang G et al (2001) Uncharged thioflavin-T derivatives bind to amyloid-beta protein with high affinity and readily enter the brain. Life Sci 69:1471–1484
Klunk WE, Engler H, Nordberg A et al (2004) Imaging brain amyloid in Alzheimer’s disease with Pittsburgh Compound-B. Ann Neurol 55:306–319
Kohler G, Milstein C (1975) Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity. Nature 256:495–497
Krasikova RN, Ryzhikov NN, Gomzina NA et al (2004) One-step synthesis of n.c.a. [18F]flumazenil and a preliminary evaluation in monkey by PET. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 31:S249
Krenning EP, Bakker WH, Kooij PPM et al (1992) Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy with indium-111-DTPA-D-Phe-1-octreotide in man: metabolism, dosimetry and comparison with iodine-123-Tyr-3-octreotide. J Nucl Med 33:652–658
Kung HF, Guoy Z, Billings D (1988) Preparation and biodistribution of [123I]IBZM: a potential CNS D2 dopamine receptor imaging agent. Nucl Med Biol 15:195–201
Kung HF, Alavi A, Chang W et al (1990) In vivo SPECT imaging of CNS D-2 dopamine receptors: initial studies with iodine-123-IBZM in humans. J Nucl Med 31:573–579
Kung HF, Kim H-J, Kung M-P et al (1996) Imaging of dopamine transporters in humans with technetium-99m TRODAT-1. Eur J Nucl Med 23:1527–1530
Kung M-P, Stevenson DA, Plössi K et al (1997) [99mTc]TRODAT-1: a novel technetium-99m complex as a dopamine transporter imaging agent. Eur J Nucl Med 24:372–380
Lahorte CMM, Vanderheyden J-L, Steinmetz N et al (2004) Apoptose-detecting radioligands: current state of the art and future perspectives. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 31:887–919
Laihinen AO, Rinne JO, Nägren K et al (1995) PET studies on brain monoamine transporters with carbon-11-β-CIT in Parkinson’s disease. J Nucl Med 36:1263–1267
Lang J, Barbarics E, Lazar J et al (1989) Effects of labeling conditions and formulation of kit on in vitro stability of 99mTc-d,l-HM-PAO. Eur J Nucl Med 15:424
Langen K-J, Coenen HH, Roosen N et al (1990) SPECT studies of brain tumors wirh L-3-[123I]iodo-α-methyl tyrosine: comparison with PET, 124IMT and first clinical results. J Nucl Med 31:281–286
Langen K-J, Roosen N, Coenen HH et al (1991) Brain and brain tumor uptake of L-3-[123I]iodo-α-methyl tyrosine: competition with natural L-amino acids. J Nucl Med 32:1225–1228
Langström B, Antoni G, Gullberg P et al (1987) Synthesis of L-and D-[methyl-11C]methionine. J Nucl Med 28:1037–1040
Lehtiö K, Eskola O, Viljanen T et al (2004) Imaging perfusion and hypoxia with PET to predict radiotherapy response in head-and-neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 59:971–982
Lemaire C, Cantineau R, Guillaume M et al (1991) Fluorine-18-altanserin: a radioligand for the study of serotonin receptors with PET: radiolabeling and in vivo biologic behavior in rats. J Nucl Med 32:2266–2272
Lemb M, Oei TH, Eifert H et al (1993) Technegas: a study of particle structure, size and distribution. Eur J Nucl Med 20:576–579
Lewis JS, McCarthy DW, McCarthy TJ et al (1999) Evaluation of 64Cu-ATSM in vitro and in vivo in a hypoxic tumor model. J Nucl Med 40:177–183
Leysen JE (1989) Use of 5-HT receptor agonists and antagonists for the characterization of their respective receptor sites. In: Boulton AB, Baker BG, Jurio AV (eds) Drugs as tools in neurotransmitter research. Humana Press, Clifton, NJ, pp 299–349 (Neuromethods, vol 12)
Lin JL, Berridge M (1993) An efficient radiosynthesis of [18F]fluoromisonidazole. Appl Rad Isot 44:1085–1091
Link CD, Johnson CJ, Fonte V et al (2001) Visualization of fibrillar amyloid deposits in living, transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans animals using the sensitive amyloid dye, X-34. Neurobiol Aging 22:217–226
Lister-James J, Knight LC, Mauer AH et al (1996) Thrombus imaging with a technetium-99m-labeled activated platelet receptor-binding peptide. J Nucl Med 37:775–781
Litton J, Farde L, Neiman J et al (1991) Positron emission tomography of benzodiazepine receptor binding in alcoholics — equilibrium quantification. J Cerebr Blood Flow Metab 11[Suppl]:617
Mackey DW, Jackson P, Baker RJ et al (1994) The observation of fullerenes in a Technegas lung ventilation unit. Nucl Med Commun 15:430–434
Mang’era KO, Vanbilloen HP, Schiepers CW et al (1995) Stabilisation of high-activity 99mTc-d,l-HMPAO preparations with cobalt chloride and their biological behaviour. Eur J Nucl Med 22:1163–1172
Mang’era KO, Vanbilloen HP, Bellande E et al (1996) Influence of a 99mTcN core on the biological and physicochemical behavior of 99mTc complexes of l,l-EC and l,l-ECD. Nucl Med Biol 23:987–993
Mangner TJ, Klecker RW, Anderson L et al (2003) Synthesis of 2 ‘-deoxy-2 ‘-[18F]fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl nucleosides, [18F]FAU, [18F]FMAU, [18F]FBAU and [18F]FIAU, as potential PET agents for imaging cellular proliferation-Synthesis of [18F]labeled FAU, FMAU, FBAU, FIAU. Nucl Med Biol 30:215–224
Marmion ME, Bugaj JE, Schmidt MA et al (2000) Preparation and biological evaluation of 99mTc(I)-carbonyl labeled octreotate conjugates. J Nucl Med 41:156P
Martin SJ, Reutelingsperger CPM, McGahon AJ et al (1995) Early redistribution of plasma membrane phosphatidylserine is a general feature of apoptosis regardless of the initiating stimulus: inhibition by overexpression of Bcl-2 and Abl. J Exp Med 182:1545–1556
Martin SJ, Eisenbarth JA, Wagner-Utermann U et al (2002) A new precursor for the radiosynthesis of [18F]FLT. N ucl Med Biol 29:263–273
Mathis CA, Wang Y, Holt DP et al (2003) Synthesis and evaluation of 11C-labeled 6-substituted 2-arylbenzothiazoles as amyloid imaging agents. J Med Chem 46:2740–2754
Mazière M, Godot JM, Berger G et al (1980) High specific activity carbon-11 labelling of benzodiazepines: diazepam and flunitrazepam. J Radioanal Chem 56:229–235
Mazière B, Crouzel C, Venet M et al (1988) Synthesis, affinity and specificity of 18F-setoperone, a potential ligand for in-vivo imaging of cortical serotonin receptors. Nucl Med Biol 15:463–468
Mazière B, Coenen HH, Halldin C et al (1992) PET radioligands for dopamine receptors and re-uptake sites: chemistry and biochemistry. Nucl Med Biol 19:497–512
McAfee JG, Thakur ML (1976) Survey of radioactive agents for in vitro labelling of phagocytic leukocytes. I. Soluble agents. J Nucl Med 17:480–487
McAfee JG, Subramanian JG, Gagne G (1984) Techniques of leucocyte harvesting and labeling: problems and perspectives. Semin Nucl Med 14:83–106
Meegalla SK, Plössi K, Kung M-P et al (1997) Synthesis and characterization of Tc-99m labeled tropanes as dopamine tansporter imaging agents. J Med Chem 40:9–17
Mertens J, Terriere D, Sipido V et al (1994) Radiosynthesis of a new radioiodinated ligand for serotonin-5HT2-receptors, a promising tracer for γ-emission tomography. J Labelled Compd Radiopharm 34:795–806
Meyer GJ, Macke H, Schuhmacher J et al (2004) Ga-68-labelled DOTA-derivatised peptide ligands. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 31:1097–1104
Meyer JH, Wilson A, Sagrati S et al (2004) Serotonin transporter occupancy of five selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors at different doses: an [11C]DASB positron emission tomography study. Am J Psychiatry 161:826–835
Mier W, Haberkorn U, Eisenhut M (2002) [18F]FLT; a portrait of a proliferation marker. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 29:165–169
Mitterhauser M, Wadsak W, Wabnegger L et al (2004) Biological evaluation of 2‘-[18F]fluoroflumazenil ([18F]FFMZ), a potential GABA receptor ligand for PET. Nucl Med Biol 31:291–295
Monaghan P, Provan I, Murray C (1991) An improved radionuclide technique for the detection of altered pulmonary permeability. J Nucl Med 32:1945–1949
Mortelmans L, Malbrain S, Stuyck J et al (1989) In vitro and in vivo evaluation of granulocyte labeling with (99mTc)d,l-HMPAO. J Nucl Med 30:2022–2028
Murakami Y, Takamatsu H, Taki J et al (2004) 18F-labelled annexin V: a PET tracer for apoptosis imaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 31:469–474
Nakayama M, Haratake M, Ono M et al (2003) A new Ge-68/Ga-68 generator system using an organic polymer containing N-methylglucamine groups as adsorbent for Ge-68. Appl Rad Isot 58:9–14
Ohtsuki K, Akashi K, Aoka Y et al (1999) Technetium-99m HYNIC-annexin V: a potential radiopharmaceutical for the in-vivo detection of apoptosis. Eur J Nucl Med 26:1251–1258
Okada T, Fujita M, Shimada S et al (1998) Assessment of affinities of beta-CIT, beta-CIT-FE, and beta-CIT-FP for mono-amine transporters permanently expressed in cell lines. Nucl Med Biol 25:53–58
Oliveira AJ, da Costa JC, Hilario LN et al (1999) Localization of the epileptogenic zone by ictal and interictal SPECT with 99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer in patients with medically refractory epilepsy. Epilepsia 40:693–702
Olsson H, Halldin C, Farde L (2004) Differentiation of extrastriatal dopamine D2 receptor density and affinity in the human brain using PET. Neuroimage 22:794–803
Ono M, Wilson A, Nobrega J et al (2003) 11C-labeled stilbene derivatives as Abeta-aggregate-specific PET imaging agents for Alzheimer’s disease. Nucl Med Biol 30:565–571
Osman S, Lundkvist C, Pike V et al (1996) Characterization of the radioactive metabolites of the 5-HT1A receptor radioligand [O-methyl-11C]WAY-100635 in monkey and human plasma by HPLC-comparison of the behaviour of an identified radioactive metabolite with parent radioligand in monkey using PET. Nucl Med Biol 23:627–634
Pardridge WM (1977) Kinetics of competitive inhibition of neutral amino acid transport across the blood-brain barrier. J Neurochem 28:103–108
Patt YZ, Podoloff DA, Curley S et al (1994) Technetium-99m labeled IMMU-4, a monoclonal antibody against carcinoembryonic antigen, for imaging of occult recurrent colorectal cancer in patients with rising serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels. J Clin Oncol 12:489–495
Pearson DA, Lister-James J, McBride WJ et al (1996) Thrombus imaging using technetium-99m labeled high potency GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonists. Chemistry and initial biological studies. J Med Chem 39:1372–1382
Peremans K, Audenaert K, Coopman F et al (2003a) Estimates of regional cerebral blood flow and 5-HT2A receptor density in impulsive, aggressive dogs with 99mTc-ECD and 123I-5-I-R91150. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 30:1538–1546
Peremans K, Audenaert K, Coopman F et al (2003b) Regional binding index of the radiolabeled selective 5-HT2A antagonist 123I-5-I-R91150 in the normal canine brain imaged with single photon emission computed tomography. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 44:344–51
Peters AM (1994) Quality control of radiolabelled white cells. In: Martin-Comin J, Thakur ML, Piera C, Roca M, Lomena F (eds) Radiolabeled blood elements. Recent advances in techniques and applications. Plenum, New York, pp 29–32
Peters AM, Danpure HJ, Osman S et al (1986) Preliminary clinical experience with 99mTc-HMPAO for labelling leucocytes and imaging inflammation. Lancet 2:946–949
Peters AM, Roddie ME, Danpure HJ et al (1988) 99mTc HMPAO labelled leucocytes: a comparison with In-111-tropolonate labelled granulocytes. Nucl Med Commun 9:449–463
Picwnica-Worms D, Chiu ML, Budding M et al (1993) Functional imaging of multidrug-resistant P-glycoprotein with an organo-technetium complex. Cancer Res 53:977–984
Phelps ME, Hoffman EJ, Selin C et al (1978) Investigation of [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose for the measure of myocardial glucose metabolism. J Nucl Med 19:1311–1319
Pike VW, McCarron J, Hume SP et al (1995) Preclinical development of a radioligand for studies of central 5-HT1A receptors in vivo — [11C]WAY-100635. Med Chem Res 5:208–227
Pike VW, McCarron J, Lamertsmaa A et al (1996) Exquisite delineation of 5-HT1A receptors in human brain with PET and [carbonyl-11C]WAY-100635. Eur J Pharmacol 301:R5–R7
Pullman W, Hanna R, Sullivan P et al (1986) 99mTc autologous phagocyte scanning: a new imaging technique for inflammatory bowel disease. Br Med J 293:171–174
Ramalingam K (1989) Facile synthesis of 2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile. Synth Commun 21:511–514
Reutelingsperger CPM, Kop JMM, Hornstra G et al (1988) Purification and characterization of a novel protein from bovine aorta that inhibits coagulation: inhibition of the phospholipid-dependent factor-Xa-catalyzed prothrombin activation, through a high-affinity binding of the anticoagulant to the phospholipids. Eur J biochem 173:171–178
Rizzo-Padoin N, Farina A, Le Pen C et al (2001) A comparison of radiopharmaceutical agents used for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Nucl Med Commun 22:375–381
Roddie ME, Peters HM, Danpure HJ et al (1988) Imaging inflammation with 99mTchexamethyl propyleneamineoxime (HMPAO) labelled leucocytes. Radiology 166:767–772
Rodwell JD, Alvarez VL, Lee C et al (1986) Site-specific covalent modification of monoclonal antibodies: in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83:2632–2636
Sachdev SS, Ramamoorthy N, Nayak UN et al (1990) Preparation and evaluation of 99mTc-t-butylisonitrile (99mTc-TBI) for myocardial imaging: a kit for hospital radiopharmacy. Nucl Med Biol 17:543–552
Sampson CB, Solanki C (1991) Stabilisation of Tc-99m-exametazine using ethanol and storage at low temperature. Eur J Nucl Med 18:532
Samson Y, Bernuau J, Pappata S et al (1987) Cerebral uptake of benzodiazepine measured by positron emission tomography in hepatic encephalopathy. N Engl J Med 316:414–415
Savic I, Roland P, Sedvall G et al (1988) In vivo demonstration of reduced benzodiazepine receptor binding in human epileptic foci. Lancet 16:863–866
Scalzetti EM, Gagne GM (1995) The transition from technegas to pertechnegas. J Nucl Med 36:267–269
Schauwecker DS, Burt RW, Park HM et al (1988) Comparison of purified indium-111 granulocytes and indium-111 mixed leukocytes for imaging of infections. J Nucl Med 29:23–25
Schibli R, Alberto R, Abram U et al (1998) Structural and 99Tc NMR investigations of complexes with fac-[Tc(CO)3]+ moieties and macrocyclic thioethers of various ring sizes: synthesis and x-ray structure of the complexes fac-[Tc(9-ane-S3)(CO)3]Br, fac-[Tc2(tosylate)2(18-ane-S6)(CO)6] and fac-[Tc2(20-ane-S6-OH)(CO)6][tosylate]2. Inorg Chem 37:3509–3516
Schibli R, La Bella R, Alberto R et al (2000) Influence of the denticity of ligand systems on the in vitro and in vivo behavior of 99mTc(I)-tricarbonyl complexes: a hint for the future functionalization of biomolecules. Bioconjug Chem 11:345–351
Schou M, Halldin C, Sóvágó J et al (2003) Specific in vivo binding to the norepinephrine transporter demonstrated with the PET radioligand, (S,S)-[11C]MeNER. Nucl Med Biol 30:707–714
Schou M, Halldin C, Sóvágó J et al (2004) PET evaluation of novel radiofluorinated reboxetine analogs as norepinephrine transporter probes in the monkey brain. Synapse 53:57–67
Schroth HJ, Oberhausen E, Berberich R (1981) Cell labelling with colloidal substances in whole blood. Eur J Nucl Med 6:469–472
Seabold JE, Forstrom LA, Schauwecker DS et al (1997) Procedure guideline for indium-111-leukocyte scintigraphy for suspected infection/inflammation. J Nucl Med 38:997–1001
Selkoe DJ (1999) Biology of β-amyloid precursor protein and the mechanism of Alzheimer’s disease. In: Alzheimer’s disease. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia, pp 293–310
Shiue GG, Shiue CY, Lee RL et al (2001) A simplified one-pot synthesis of 9-[(3-[18F]fluoro-1-hydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine ([18F]FHPG) and 9-(4-[18F]fluoro-3-hydroxymethylbutyl)guanine ([18F]FHBG) for gene therapy. Nucl Med Biol 28:875–883
Shoghi-Jadid K, Small GW, Agdeppa ED et al (2002) Localization of neurofibrillary tangles and beta-amyloid plaques in the brains of living patients with Alzheimer disease. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 10:24–35
Slifstein M, Hwang DR, Huang YY et al (2004) In vivo affinity of [18F]fallypride for striatal and extrastriatal dopamine D-2 receptors in nonhuman primates. Psychopharmacology 175:274–286
Small GW, Agdeppa ED, Kepe V et al (2002) In-vivo brain imaging of tangle burden in humans. J Mol Neurosci 19:323–327
Sorger D, Patt M, Kumar P et al (2003) [18F]Fluoroazomycin arabinofuranoside (18FAZA) and [18F]fluoromisonidazole (18FMISO): a comparative study of their selective uptake in hypoxic cells and PET imaging in experimental rat tumors. Nucl Med Biol 30:317–326
Spanu A, Schillaci O, Meloni GB et al (2002) The usefulness of 99mTc-tetrofosmin SPECT scintimammography in the detection of small size primary breast carcinomas. Int J Oncol 21:831–840
Srivastava SC, Babich JB, Richards P (1983) A new kit method for the selective labeling of erythrocytes in whole blood with technetium-99m. J Nucl Med 24:128P
Stypinski D, McQuarrie SA, Wiebe LI et al (2001) Dosimetry estimations for 123I-IAZA in healthy volunteers. J Nucl Med 42:1418–1423
Terriere D, Janssen PMF, Gommeren W et al (1995) Evaluation of radioiodo-4-amino-N-[1-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)-propyl]-4-methyl-4-piperidinyl]-5-iodo-2-methoxybenzamide as a potential 5HT2 receptor tracer for SPE(C)T. Nucl Med Biol 22:1005–1010
Thakur ML Lavender JP, Arnot RN et al (1977) Indium-111-labeled autologous leukocytes in man. J Nucl Med 18:1014–1019
Thakur ML, Marcus CS, Henneman P et al (1996) Imaging inflammatory diseases with neutrophil-specific technetium-99m-labeled monoclonal antibody anti-SSEA-1. J Nucl Med 37:1789–1795
Tjuvajev JG, Doubrovin M, Akhurst T et al (2002) Comparison of radiolabeled nucleoside probes FIAU, FHBG, and FHPG) for PET imaging of HSV1-tk gene expression. J Nucl Med 43:1072–1083
Tominaga S, Shimada T, Kawakami K (1995) Physicochemical characterization and lung clearance of pertechnegas. Kaku Ikagu 32:563–567
Tubergen K, Corlija M, Volkert WA et al (1991) Sensitivity of technetium-99m-d,l-HMPAO to radiolysis in aqueous solutions. J Nucl Med 32:111–115
Tweedle MF (1983) Accelerators for forming cationic technetium complexes useful as radiodiagnostic agents. World Patent 8302:615
Vallabhajosula S, Moyer BR, Lister-James J et al (1996) Preclinical evaluation of technetium-99m-labeled somatostatin receptor-binding peptides. J Nucl Med 37:1016–1022
Vander Borght T, De Maeght S, Labar D et al (1992) Comparison of thymidine labeled in methyl group and in 2C-ring position in human PET studies. Eur J Nucl Med 19:578
Van Paesschen W (2004) Ictal SPECT. Epilepsia 45[Suppl 4]:35–40
Van Paesschen W, Dupont P, Van Heerden B et al (2000) Self-injection ictal SPECT during partial seizures. Neurology 23:1994–1997
Verbeke K, Kieffer D, Vanderheyden J-L et al (2003) Optimization of the preparation of 99mTc-labeled Hynic-derivatized Annexin V for human use. Nucl Med Biol 30:771–778
Verhoeff NP, Wilson AA, Takeshita S et al (2004) In-vivo imaging of Alzheimer disease beta-amyloid with [11C]SB-13 PET. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 12:584–595
Versijpt J, van Laere KJ, Dumont F et al (2003) Imaging of the 5-HT2A system: age-, gender-, and Alzheimer’s disease-related findings. Neurobiol Aging 24:553–561
Virgolini I, Szilvasi I, Kurtaran A et al (1998) Indium-111-DOTA-Lanreotide: biodistribution, safety and radiation absorbed dose in tumor patients. J Nucl Med 39:1928–1936
Wackers FJT, Berman DS, Maddahi J et al (1989) Technetium-99m hexakis 2-methoxyisobutyl isonitrile: human biodistribution, dosimetry, safety and preliminary comparison to thallium-201 for myocardial perfusion imaging. J Nucl Med 30:301–311
Waibel R, Alberto R, Willunda J et al (1999) Stable one-step technetium-99m labeling of His-tagged recombinant proteins with a novel Tc(I)-carbonyl complex. Nat Biotechnol 17:897–901
Weber W, Weste HJ, Grosu AL et al (2000) O-(2-[18F]Fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine and L-[methyl-11C]methionine uptake in brain tumours: initial results of a comparative study. Eur J Nucl Med 27:542–549
Weisner PS, Bower GR, Dollimore LA et al (1993) A method for stabilising technetium-99m exametazime prepared from a commercial kit. Eur J Nucl Med 20:661–666
Wester HJ, Herz M, Weber W et al (1999) Synthesis and radio-pharmacology of O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine for tumor imaging. J Nucl Med 40:205–212
Wienhard K, Herholz K, Coenen HH (1991) Increased amino acid transport into brain tumors measured by PET of 2-[18F]fluorotyrosine. J Nucl Med 32:1338–1346
Wust F, Carlson KE, Katzenellenbogen JA et al (1998) Synthesis and binding affinities of new 17 alpha-substituted estradiol-rhenium “n+1” mixed-ligand and thioether-carbonyl complexes. Steroids 63:665–671
Yamamoto YL, Meyer E, Menon D et al (1983) Regional cerebral blood measurement and dynamic positron emission tomography. In: Heiss WD, Phelps ME (eds) Positron emission tomography of the brain. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 78–84
Yamasaki T, Inoue O, Shinotoh H et al (1986) Benzodiazepine study in the elderly using PET and clinical application of a new tracer, C-11-α-methyl-N-methyl benzylamine. In: Kitane K (ed) Liver and aging, liver and brain. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 265–276
Yang DJ, Wallace S, Cherif A et al (1995) Development of 18F labeled fluoroerythromisonidazole as a PET agent for imaging tumor hypoxia. Radiology 194:795–800
Zhuang ZP, Kung MP, Hou C et al (2001a) Radioiodinated styrylbenzenes and thioflavins as probes for amyloid aggregates. J Med Chem 44:1905–1914
Zhuang ZP, Kung MP, Hou C et al (2001b) IBOX (2-(4‘-dimethylaminophenyl)-6-iodobenzoxazole): a ligand for imaging amyloid plaques in the brain. Nucl Med Biol 28:887–894
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bormans, G., Verbeke, K., Verbruggen, A. (2006). Radiopharmaceuticals: Recent Developments and Trends. In: Baert, A.L., Sartor, K., Schiepers, C. (eds) Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-30005-8_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-30005-8_15
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-42309-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-30005-2
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)