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Diversity and Bioprospecting of Yeasts from Extreme Environments

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Advancing Frontiers in Mycology & Mycotechnology

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Abstract

The life of humans has been greatly benefited by microbes since their existence on earth. Extremophiles have unique energy transduction processes and adaptation strategies which help them to survive in an extreme environment (high or low temperature, pH, etc.). Fungi with yeast stage in their life cycle are found in various habitats including extreme environments like hot springs, alkaline lakes, hypersaline lakes, cold glaciers, deep ocean, and several others. Recently, psychrophilic yeasts have been studied widely, but contributions on thermophilic, acidophilic, and halophilic yeasts are lagging behind. Mrakia, Leucosporidium, and Naganishia are some examples of yeasts isolated from cold environments. In the past decades, several investigations have been undertaken on yeasts to assess their biotechnological potentials. Extremophilic yeasts produce enzymes, antifreeze proteins, heat shock proteins, PUFA, EPS, etc., which have immense applications in health, agriculture, and industry. In this chapter, diversity of extremophilic yeasts, strategies adapted for such niches, and potential applications of extremophilic yeasts in biotechnology have been discussed. Yeasts from extreme environments can be exploited in several biotechnological industries, thus helping in the bioeconomy of the country.

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Acknowledgments

RS is grateful to the Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, for financial support for the establishment of National Centre for Microbial Resource (NCMR), Pune, wide grant letter no. BT/Coord.II/01/03/2016 dated April 6, 2017. SMS acknowledges financial support from Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) [NBAIM/AMAAS/2014-17/PF/24/21] for research on the Himalayas.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Shiv Mohan Singh

  2. Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Vivekanand Arts, Sardar Dalip Singh Commerce and Science College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India

    Nitin Adhapure

  3. National Centre for Microbial Resource (NCMR), National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, Maharashtra, India

    Rohit Sharma

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  1. Shiv Mohan Singh
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  2. Nitin Adhapure
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Correspondence to Rohit Sharma .

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  1. Division of Biological Science and Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Tulasi Satyanarayana

  2. Biotech & Management of Bioresources Div, The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Sunil Kumar Deshmukh

  3. Division of Biological Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India

    Mukund V. Deshpande

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Singh, S.M., Adhapure, N., Sharma, R. (2019). Diversity and Bioprospecting of Yeasts from Extreme Environments. In: Satyanarayana, T., Deshmukh, S., Deshpande, M. (eds) Advancing Frontiers in Mycology & Mycotechnology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9349-5_5

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