Abstract
Titanium carbide (TiC) powder was combustion-synthesized in argon from mineral ilmenite and activated carbon (C) using magnesium (Mg) as a fuel. The reactant powders were taken at FeTiO3 : C : Mg molar ratios of 1 : 1 : 3 and 1 : 1.5 : 4.5. The as-combusted products were leached with 1 M HCl at 80 or 90°C to remove byproducts and impurities. Best results (fewer impurities) were obtained for combustion products derived from FeTiO3 : C : Mg green mixtures taken at a molar ratio of 1 : 1.5 : 4.5 and subjected to acid leaching at 90°C for 150 min. After leaching, agglomerated TiC particles have a size of around 100 nm. Ilmenite mineral can be recommended as an alternative source of TiO2 for fabrication of titanium carbide powders.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Niyomwas, S., Synthesis and characterization of TiC and TiC–Al2O3 composite from wood dust by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, Energy Proc., 2011, vol. 9, pp. 522–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.09.060
Kobashi, M., Ichioka, D., and Kanetake, N., Combustion synthesis of porous TiC/Ti composite by a self-propagating mode, Materials, 2010, vol. 3, no. 7, pp. 3939–3947. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma3073939
Dong, B.X., Qiu, F., Li, Q., Shu, S.L., Yang, H.Y., and Jiang, Q.C., The synthesis, structure, morphology characterizations and evolution mechanisms of nanosized titanium carbides and their further applications, Nanomaterials, 2019, vol. 9, no. 8, 1152. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9081152
Holt, J.B. and Munir, Z.A., Combustion synthesis of titanium carbide: Theory and experiment, J. Mater. Sci., 1986, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 251–259.
Vrel, D.L., Lihrmann, J.M., and Petitet, J.P., Synthesis of titanium carbide by self-propagating powder reactions: 1. Enthalpy of formation of TiC, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1995, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 280–282, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00017a062
Hassan, H., Mehdi, S.A., and Mehri, E., Synthesis of titanium carbide by the combustion of TiO2–2Mg–C and 3TiO2–4Al–3C systems in a tubular furnace, Iran. J. Chem. Chem. Eng., 2009, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 71–76.
Shin, H. and Eun, J.H., Titanium carbide nanocrystals synthesized from a metatitanic acid – sucrose precursor via a carbothermal reduction, J. Nanomater., 2015, vol. 2015, 469121. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/469121
Julphunthong, P., Phengraek, B., Laowanidwatana, A., and Bongkarn, T., Low temperature fabrication of dense calcium titanate ceramics via combustion technique, Integr. Ferroelectr., 2014, vol. 150, no. 1, pp. 107–115. https://doi.org/10.1080/10584587.2014.874826
Liu, G., Chen, K., and Li, J., Combustion synthesis: An effective tool for preparing inorganic materials, Scr. Mater., 2018, vol. 157, pp. 167–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2018.08.022
Chanadee, T., SHS synthesis of Si–SiC composite powders using Mg and reactants from industrial waste, Met. Mater. Int., 2017, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 1188–1196. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-017-7111-0
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We are grateful to Mr. Thomas Duncan Coyne for his kind editing the English text.
Funding
This work was financially supported by Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, under the revenue budget for fiscal year 2018.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
The text was submitted by the authors in English.
About this article
Cite this article
Rattanaphan, N., Chanadee, T. Combustion Synthesis of TiC Powders from Ilmenite Mineral and Activated Carbon. Int. J Self-Propag. High-Temp. Synth. 30, 51–54 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3103/S106138622101009X
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S106138622101009X