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Evaluation of the combined deterioration by freeze–thaw and carbonation of mortar incorporating BFS, limestone powder and calcium sulfate

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A Correction to this article was published on 08 November 2017

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Abstract

The durability performance of cementitious material is traditionally based on assessing the effect of a single degradation process. However, this study investigates the coupled deterioration properties of mortar incorporating industrial solid waste—ground granulated blast furnace slag (BFS) and different mineral admixtures, such as calcium sulfate (CS) and limestone powder (LSP). The combined deterioration properties caused by carbonation and frost damage in the mortar sample were experimentally investigated with respect to accelerated carbonation and freeze–thaw tests. Different degrees of deterioration, i.e. after subjected to 12, 30 and 60 freeze–thaw cycles, were induced in the freeze–thaw tests. The experimental investigation of single degradation revealed that the compressive strength, frost resistance and carbonation resistance decrease as the BFS replacement ratio increases by weight from 0 to 45%. The less amount of CH in the BFS cement leads to the carbonation progress more easily. Moreover, to achieve the same strength as ordinary Portland cement, 2 wt% CS and 4 wt% LSP in the BFS mortar are required. However, the data shows that incorporating LSP into the BFS mortar produces a lower frost resistance. The combined damage tests revealed that different deterioration degrees resulting from 12, 30 and 60 freeze–thaw cycles slightly decreased the carbonation resistance, which is related to the decrease in the inkbottle pore volume due to its water retention characteristics. Simultaneously, the pre-carbonation deterioration could effectively decrease the surface mass scaling of the freeze–thaw and the pore structure undergoes densification due to pre-carbonation.

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  • 08 November 2017

    Due to an unfortunate turn of events, this article was published with an erroneous version of Fig. 9. Please find on this page the correct version of Fig. 9 that should be regarded by the reader as the final version.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding support from Steel Foundation for Environmental Protection Technology, Japan.

Funding

This study was funded by Steel Foundation for Environmental Protection Technology, Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Material Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China

    Wenyan Zhang

  2. Center of Environmental Science and Disaster Mitigation for Advanced Research, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran, 050-8585, Japan

    Wenyan Zhang

  3. Product Development Department, Nippon Steel and Sumikin Cement Co. Ltd., 64, Nakamachi, Muroran, 050-8510, Japan

    Seunghyun Na

  4. Graduate School of Engineering, College of Environmental Technology, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran, 050-8585, Japan

    Junho Kim, Hyeonggil Choi & Yukio Hama

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  1. Wenyan Zhang
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Correspondence to Yukio Hama.

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A correction to this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-017-1111-x.

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Zhang, W., Na, S., Kim, J. et al. Evaluation of the combined deterioration by freeze–thaw and carbonation of mortar incorporating BFS, limestone powder and calcium sulfate. Mater Struct 50, 171 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-017-1039-1

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