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The science of silks

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Abstract

Comparative silk research has begun to provide us with valuable insights into a class of biopolymers that have evolved an enormous range of material performance based on highly adapted structure-property interactions. As outlined in this article, such insights cover the analysis of biological and bioinspired spinning technologies, the discovery of a novel type of melt spinning at ambient temperatures, and an advanced predictive modeling framework that uses ab initio calculations. Importantly, the huge diversity and extensive range of material properties found in natural silks is providing a fertile field for discoveries that could change the polymer paradigm and our approach to using proteins as structural materials. For example, highly relevant to both sustainability and engineering properties is the role of water in silk processing and function, as this article will explore in some detail.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Ms. Juan Guan for SEM imagery, AFSOR (Grant No. F49620–03–1-0111) and ERC (SP2-GA-2008–233409) for generous funding of all aspects of the work, and to the UK research councils (EPSRC, BBSRC) and Magdalen College Oxford for funding specific studies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK

    F. Vollrath, D. Porter & C. Holland

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, UK

    C. Holland

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  1. F. Vollrath
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  2. D. Porter
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  3. C. Holland
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Correspondence to F. Vollrath.

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Vollrath, F., Porter, D. & Holland, C. The science of silks. MRS Bulletin 38, 73–80 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2012.314

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