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Preparation of micro/nanometer-sized porous surface structure of calcium phosphate scaffolds and the influence on biocompatibility

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Abstract

Multilayer stereo micro/nanometer-sized porous surface structures were prepared by selective chemical etching of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffolds with hydroxyapatite (HAP)/β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) weight ratios of 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, and 50/50 in phosphoric acid solution. The porous surface structures revealed periodic fluctuations in the observed heights of micro/nanometer-sized needles. And the average height increased from 0.59 ± 0.02 to 12.09 ± 0.03 μm when the β-TCP content in BCP scaffolds rose from 10 to 50%. In vivo cell tests using MG-63 cells (belonging to the human osteosarcoma cell line) revealed that micro/nanometer-sized pores on the scaffold surface could provide location for cell adhesion and migration and facilitate the formation of gap junction between cells. The BCP scaffold with 40% β-TCP exhibited the optimal surface structure for cell seeding and growth due to the largest number of micro/nanometer-sized pores on the surface. However, excessive β-TCP led to the damage of micro/nanometer-sized porous surface structure, which further impeded the cell interaction.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This work was supported by the following funds: (1) The Natural Science Foundation of China (51222506, 81372366); (2) Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(14JJ1006); (3) Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-12-0544); (4) The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2011JQ005, 2012QNZT015); (5) Project supported by the Fok Ying-Tong Education Foundation, China (131050); (6) Shenzhen Strategic Emerging Industrial Development Funds (JCYJ20130401160614372); (7) The Open-End Fund for the Valuable and Precision Instruments of Central South University; (8) The faculty research grant of Central South University (2013JSJJ011, 2013JSJJ046); (9) Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People’s Republic of China

    Chengde Gao, Jingyu Zhuang, Pengjian Li & Cijun Shuai

  2. Department of Regenerative Medicine & Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, 29425, USA

    Cijun Shuai

  3. Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, People’s Republic of China

    Shuping Peng

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  1. Chengde Gao
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Correspondence to Cijun Shuai or Shuping Peng.

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Gao, C., Zhuang, J., Li, P. et al. Preparation of micro/nanometer-sized porous surface structure of calcium phosphate scaffolds and the influence on biocompatibility. Journal of Materials Research 29, 1144–1152 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2014.100

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