Abstract
Gliadin is a main component of gluten proteins that affect functional properties of bread making and contributes to the viscous nature of doughs. In this study, thirteen novel ω-gliadin genes were identified in several Triticum species, which encode the ARH-, ATD-and ATN-type proteins. Two novel types of ω-gliadins: ATD- and ATN- have not yet been reported. The lengths of 13 sequences were ranged from 927 to 1269 bp and the deduced mature proteins were varied from 309 to 414 residues. All 13 genes were pseudogenes because of the presence of internal stop codons. The primary structure of these ω-gliadin genes included a signal peptide, a conserved N-terminal domain, a repetitive domain and a conserved C-terminus. In this paper, we first characterize ω-gliadin genes from T. timopheevi ssp. timopheevi and T. timopheevi ssp. araraticum. The ω-gliadin gene variation and the evolutionary relationship of ω-gliadin family genes were also discussed.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Anderson, O.D. 1991. Characterization of members of a pseudogene subfamily of the wheat α-gliadin storage protein genes. Plant Mol. Biol. 16:335–337.
Anderson, O.D., Gu, Y.Q., Kong, X.Y., Lazo, G.R., Wu, J.J. 2009. The wheat ω-gliadin genes: structure and EST analysis. Funct. Integr. Genomics 9:397–410.
Branlard, G., Dardevet, M. 1985. Diversity of grain proteins and bread wheat quality. I-Correlation between gliadin bands and flour quality characteristics. J. Cereal Sci. 5:329–343.
Chen, F.G., Xia, G.M. 2005. Isolation and sequence analysis of a ω-gliadin homologous gene from wheat. Hereditas 27:941–947.
Chen, F.G., Yang, L., Zhao, F., Min, H.X., Xia, G.M. 2011. Molecular cloning and variation of ω-gliadin genes from a somatic hybrid introgression line II-12 and parents (Triticum aestivum cv. Jinan 177 and Agropyron elongatum). J. of Genetics 90:137–142.
DuPont, F.M., Vensel, W.H., Chan, R., Kasarda, D.D. 2000. Characterization of the 1B-type ω-gliadins from Triticum aestivum cultivar Butte. Cereal Chem. 77:607–614.
DuPont, F.M., Vensel, W.H., Encarnacao, T., Chan, R., Kasarda, D.D. 2004. Similarities of omega gliadins from Triticum urartu to those encoded on chromosome 1A of hexaploid wheat and evidence for their post-translational processing. Theor. Appl. Genet. 108:1299–1308.
Galili, G., Levy, A.A., Feldman, M. 1986. Gene-dosage compensation of endosperm proteins in hexaploid wheat Triticum aestivum. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA. 83:6524–6528.
Gianibelli, M.C., Lagudah, E.S., Wrigley, C.W., MacRitchie, F. 2002. Biochemical and genetic characterization of a monomeric storage protein (T1) with an unusually high molecular weight in Triticum tauschii. Theor. Appl. Genet. 104:497–504.
Hassani, M.E., Shariflou, M.R., Gianibelli, M.C., Sharp, P.J. 2008. Characterization of a ω-gliadin gene in Triticum tauschii. J. Cereal Sci. 47:59–67.
Hsia, C.C., Anderson, O.D. 2001. Isolation and characterization of wheat ω-gliadins genes. Theor. Appl. Genet. 103:37–44.
Kasarda, D.D., Autran, J.C., Lew, E.J.L., Nimmo, C.C., Shewry, P.R. 1983. N-terminal amino acid sequences of the ω-gliadins, ω-secalins: implications for the evolution of prolamin genes. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 747:138–150.
Larkin, M.A., Blackshields, G., Brown, N.P., Chenna, R., McGettigan, P.A., McWilliam, H., Valentin, F., Wallace, I.M., Wilm, A., Lopez, R., Thompson, J.D., Gibson, T.J., Higgins, D.G. 2007. Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0. Bioinformatics 23:2947–2948.
Lawrence, G.J., Shepherd, K.W. 1980. Variation in glutenin protein subunits of wheat. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 33:221–233.
Li, M., Gao, X., Chen, Q.J., Dong, J., Zhao, W.C., Li, Y.L., Wang, M.X., Chen, R.J., Pang, H.X., Li, Z.Q, Liu, J. 2010. Cloning and sequence analysis of ω-gliadin genes from wheat variety Shaan 253. J. Agr. Biotechnol. 18:853–860.
Masoudi-Nejad, A., Nasuda, S., Kawabe, A., Endo, T.R. 2002. Molecular cloning, sequencing, and chromosome mapping of a 1A-encoded ω-type prolamin sequence from wheat. Genome 45:661–669.
Matsuo, H., Kohno, K., Morita, E. 2005. Molecular cloning, recombinant expression and IgE-binding epitope of ω-5 gliadin, a major allergen in wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis. FEBS J. 272:4431–4438.
Payne, P.I. 1987. Genetics of wheat storage proteins and the effects of allelic variation on bread-making quality. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 38:141–153.
Sabelli, P., Shewry, P.R. 1991. Characterization and organization of gene families at the Gli-1 loci of bread and durum wheat by restriction fragment analysis. Theor. Appl. Genet. 83:209–216.
Shewry, P.R., Halford, N.G., Tatham, A.S. 1992. The high molecular weight subunits of wheat glutenin. J. Cereal Sci. 15:105–120.
Shewry, P.R., Halford, N.G., Lafiandra, D. 2003. Genetics of wheat gluten proteins. Adv. Genet. 49:111–184.
Tamura, K., Stecher, G., Peterson, D., Filipski, A., Kumar, S. 2013. MEGA6: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 6.0. Molecular Biol. and Evol. 30:2725–2729.
Tatham, A.S., Shewry, P.R. 1995. The S-poor prolamins of wheat, barley and rye: Revisited. J. Cereal Sci. 55:79–99.
Waga, J., Skoczowski, A. 2014. Development and characteristics of ω-gliadin-free wheat genotypes. Euphytica 195:105–116.
Wang, A.L., Gao, L.Y., Li, X.H., Zhang, Y.Z., He, Z.H., Xia, X.C., Zhang, Y., Yan, Y.M. 2008. Characterization of two 1D-encoded o-gliadin subunits closely related to dough strength and pan bread-making quality in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). J. Cereal Sci. 47:528–535.
Wieser, H. 2007. Chemistry of gluten proteins. Food Microbiol. 24:115–119.
Wrigley, C.W., Robinson, P.J., Williams, W.T. 1982. Association between individual gliadin proteins and quality, agronomic and morphological attributes of wheat cultivars. Aust. J. of Agr. Res. 33:409–418.
Zhuang, Q.Q., Zhang, Z.G., Chen, F.G., Xia, G.M. 2012. Comparative and evolutionary analysis of new variants of ω-gliadin genes from three A-genome diploid wheats. J. Appl. Genet. 53:125–131.
Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271723), Sichuan Provincial Youth Fund (2011JQ0016), and the Scientific Research Foundation of the Education Department of Sichuan Province (14ZA0012).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Communicated by F. Békés
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESM)
Rights and permissions
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Li, Z.L., Wu, D.D., Li, H.Y. et al. Molecular Cloning and Identification of Novel ω-gliadin Genes from Triticum Species. CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 44, 309–319 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1556/0806.44.2016.020
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/0806.44.2016.020