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Similarities of omega gliadins from Triticum urartu to those encoded on chromosome 1A of hexaploid wheat and evidence for their post-translational processing

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Abstract

The ω-gliadins encoded on chromosome 1 of the A genome were purified from Triticum aestivum L. (2n=6x=42, AABBDD) cv. Butte86, nullisomic 1D-tetrasomic 1A of cv. Chinese Spring (CS N1DT1A), and the diploid T. urartu (2n=2x=14, AA). Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography combined with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of gliadin extracts from CS nullisomic-tetrasomic (NT) lines confirmed the assignment to chromosome 1A. The purified ω-gliadins were characterized by mass spectrometry and N-terminal sequencing. The 1A-encoded ω-gliadins were smaller than 1B- or 1D-encoded ω-gliadins. The N-terminal amino acid sequences for 1A ω-gliadin mature peptides were nearly identical to those for the T. urartu ω-gliadins and were more similar to 1D ω-gliadin sequences than to sequences for T. monococum ω-gliadins, barley C-hordeins, or rye ω-secalins. They diverged greatly from the N-terminal sequences for the 1B ω-gliadins. The data suggest that T. urartu is the A-genome donor, and that post-translational cleavage by an asparaginyl endoprotease produces those ω-gliadins with N-terminal sequences beginning with KEL.

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Acknowledgements

We thank J.G. Waines for providing seeds of the T. urartu accession used, A. Lukaszewski for providing seeds of CS NT lines, Erika Johnson for technical assistance, and S. Altenbach for careful reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS 5325-43000-025. Mention of a specific product name by the United States Department of Agriculture does not constitute an endorsement and does not imply a recommendation over other suitable products. The experiments described in this paper were carried out in compliance with the laws of the United States of America.

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  1. USDA Agricultural Research Service, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA

    F. M. DuPont, W. Vensel, T. Encarnacao, R. Chan & D. D. Kasarda

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  1. F. M. DuPont
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  2. W. Vensel
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  3. T. Encarnacao
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  4. R. Chan
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  5. D. D. Kasarda
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Correspondence to F. M. DuPont.

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Communicated by J. Dvorak

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DuPont, F.M., Vensel, W., Encarnacao, T. et al. Similarities of omega gliadins from Triticum urartu to those encoded on chromosome 1A of hexaploid wheat and evidence for their post-translational processing. Theor Appl Genet 108, 1299–1308 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-003-1565-9

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