Adolfsson-Erici M, Petterson M, Parkkonen J, Sturve J (2002) Triclosan, a commonly used bactericide found in human milk and in the aquatic environment in Sweden. Chemosphere 46:1485–1489
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Agüera A, Fernández-Alba AR, Piedra L, Mézcua M, Gómez MJ (2003) Evaluation of triclosan and biphenylol in marine sediments and urban wastewaters by pressurized liquid extraction and solid phase extraction followed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 480:193–205
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Ahn KC, Zhao B, Chen J, Cherednichenko G, Sanmarti E, Denison MS, Lasley B, Pessah IN, Kultz D, Chang DP, Gee SJ, Hammock BD (2008) In vitro biologic activities of the antimicrobials triclocarban, its analogs, and triclosan in bioassay screens: Receptor-based bioassay screens. Environ Health Perspect 116:1203–1210
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Ajao C, Andersson MA, Teplova VV, Nagy S, Gahmberg CG, Andersson LC, Hautaniemi M, Kakasi B, Roivainen M, Salkinoja-Salonen M (2015) Mitochondrial toxicity of triclosan on mammalian cells. Toxicol Rep 2:624–637
CAS
Article
Google Scholar
Al-Doori Z, Morrison D, Edwards G, Gemmell C (2003) Susceptibility of MRSA to triclosan. J Antimicrob Chemother 51:185–186
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Allmyr M, Adolfsson-Erici M, McLachlan MS, Sandborgh-Englund G (2006) Triclosan in plasma and milk from Swedish nursing mothers and their exposure via personal care products. Sci Total Environ 372:87–93
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Allmyr M, Harden F, Toms LM, Mueller JF, McLachlan MS, Adolfsson-Erici M, Sandborgh-Englund G (2008) The influence of age and gender on triclosan concentrations in Australian human blood serum. Sci Total Environ 393:162–167
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Allmyr M, Panagiotidis G, Sparve E, Diczfalusy U, Sandborgh-Englund G (2009) Human exposure to triclosan via toothpaste does not change CYP3A4 activity or plasma concentrations of thyroid hormones. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 105(5):339–344. doi:10.1111/j.1742-7843.2009.00455.x
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Angin I, Yaganoglu AV (2009) Application of sewage sludge as a soil physical and chemical amendment. Ecoloji 19(73):39–47
CAS
Google Scholar
Anumol T, Snyder SA (2015) Rapid analysis of trace organic compounds in water by automated online solid-phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 132:77–86
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
APUA (2011b) White paper prepared by The Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), January 2011. http://www.tufts.edu/med/apua/consumers/personal_home_21_4240495089.pdf. Accessed 1 May 2015
Arancibia R, Caceres M, Martinez J, Smith PC (2009) Triclosan inhibits tumor necrosis factor-stimulated urikinase production in human gingival fibroblasts. J Periodontol 44:726–735
CAS
Article
Google Scholar
Arbuckle TE, Marro L, Davis K, Fisher M, Ayotte P, Bélanger P, Dumas P, LeBlanc A, Bérubé R, Gaudreau E, Provencher G, Faustman EM, Vigoren E, Ettinger AS, Dellarco AM, MacPherson S, Fraser WD (2015) Exposure to free and conjugated forms of bisphenol A and triclosan among pregnant women in the MIREC cohort. Environ Health Perspect 123:277–284
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Aryal N, Reinhold DM (2011) Phytoaccumulation of antimicrobials from biosolids: impacts on environmental fate and relevance to human exposure. Water Res 45:5545–5552
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Azzouz A, Ballesteros E (2015) Determination of 13 endocrine disrupting chemicals in environmental solid samples using microwave-assisted solvent extraction and continuous solid-phase extraction followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 1–11. http://0-link.springer.com.wam.seals.ac.za/article/10.1007/s00216-015-9096-1/fulltext.html. Accessed 2 Dec 2015
Azzouz A, Rascón AJ, Ballesteros E (2016) Simultaneous determination of parabens, alkylphenols, phenylphenols, bisphenol A and triclosan in human urine, blood and breast milk by continuous solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 119:16–26. doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2015.11.024. Accessed 2 Dec 2015
Bagley DM, Lin YJ (2000) Clinical evidence for the lack of triclosan accumulation from daily use in dentifrices. Am J Dent 13:148–152
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Balmer ME, Poiger T, Droz C, Romanin K, Bergqvist PA, Müller MD, Buser HR (2004) Occurrence of methyl triclosan, a transformation product of the bactericide triclosan, in fish from various lakes in Switzerland. Environ Sci Technol 38:390–395
ADS
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Benny FG, Pycke LA, Geer MD, Ovadia A, Alizee MJ, Rolf UH (2014) Human fetal exposure to triclosan and triclocarban in an urban population from Brooklyn, New York. Environ Sci Technol 48(15):8831–8838
ADS
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Bertelsen RJ, Longnecker MP, Løvik M, Calafat AM, Carlsen KH, London SJ, Carlsen KCL (2013) Triclosan exposure and allergic sensitization in Norwegian children. Allergy 68:84–91
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Bester K (2003) Triclosan in a sewage treatment process—balances and monitoring data. Water Res 37(16):3891–3896
ADS
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Bester K (2005) Fate of triclosan and triclosan-methyl in sewage treatment plants and surface waters. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 49(1):9–17
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Bhargava HN, Leonard PA (1996) Triclosan: applications and safety. Am J Infect Control 24:209–218
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Bláha L, Babica P, Maršálek B (2009) Toxins produced in cyanobacterial water blooms—toxicity and risks. Interdiscip Toxicol 2(2):36–41
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Blanset DL, Zhang J, Robson MG (2007) Probabilistic estimates of lifetime daily doses from consumption of drinking water containing trace levels of N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), triclosan, or acetaminophen and the associated risks to human health. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 13:615–631
CAS
Article
Google Scholar
Bock M, Lyndall J, Barber T, Fuchsman P, Perruchon E, Capdevielle M (2010) Probabilistic application of a fugacity model to predict triclosan fate during wastewater treatment. Integr Environ Assess Manag 6:393–404
Google Scholar
Brady L, Thomson M, Palmer M, Harkness J (1990) Successful control of endemic MRSA in a cardiothoracic surgical unit. Med J Aust 152:240–245
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Burch TR, Sadowsky MJ, LaPara TM (2014) Fate of antibiotic resistance genes and class 1 integrons in soil microcosms following the application of treated residual municipal wastewater solids. Environ Sci Technol. doi:10.1021/es501098g
PubMed
Google Scholar
Buser HR, Balmer ME, Schmid P, Kohler M (2006) Occurrence of UV filters 4-methylbenzylidene camphor and octocrylene in fish from various Swiss rivers with inputs from wastewater treatment plants. Environ Sci Technol 40(5):1427–1431
ADS
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Butler E, Whelan MJ, Sakrabani R, van Egmond R (2012) Fate of triclosan in field soils receiving sewage sludge. Environ Pollut 167:101–109
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Calafat AM, Ye X, Wong LY, Reidy JA, Needham LL (2008) Urinary concentrations of triclosan in the U.S. Population: 2003–2004. Environ Health Perspect 116:303–307
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Canada (2007) Food and drugs regulations: cosmetic regulations, C.R.C., c. 869. http://lawslois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/C.R.C.,_c._869/FullText.html. Accessed 7 Sept 2015
Canosa P, Morales S, Rodríguez I, Rubí E, Cela R, Gómez M (2005a) Aquatic degradation of triclosan and formation of toxic chlorophenols in presence of low concentrations of free chlorine. Anal Bioanal Chem 383:1119–1126
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Canosa P, Rodriguez I, Rubi E, Cela R (2005b) Optimization of solid-phase microextraction conditions for the determination of triclosan and possible related compounds in water samples. J Chromatogr A 1072(1):107–115
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Capdevielle M, Egmond RV, Whelan M, Versteeg D, Hofmann-Kamensky M, Inauen J, Cunningham V, Voltering D (2008) Consideration of exposure and species sensitivity of triclosan in the freshwater environment. Integr Environ Assess Manag 4(1):15–23
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Carlson JC, Stefan MI, Parnis JM, Metcalfe CD (2015) Direct UV photolysis of selected pharmaceuticals, personal care products and endocrine disruptors in aqueous solution. Water Res 84:350–361
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Cha J, Cupples AM (2009) Detection of the antimicrobials triclocarban and triclosan in agricultural soils following land application of municipal biosolids. Water Res 43:2522–2530
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Chedgzoy P, Winckle G, Heard CM (2002) Triclosan: release from transdermal adhesive formulations and in vitro permeation across human epidermal membranes. Int J Pharm 235:229–236
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Chen X, Nielsen JL, Furgal K, Liu Y, Lolas IB, Bester K (2011) Biodegradation of triclosan and formation of methyl-triclosan in activated sludge under aerobic conditions. Chemosphere 84:452–456
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Chen J, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Zi Y, Qian Y, Lin S (2012a) Binding of triclosan to human serum albumin: insight into the molecular toxicity of emerging contaminant. Environ Sci Pollut Res 19(7):2528–2536
CAS
Article
Google Scholar
Chen XJ, Richard J, Liu YL, Dopp E, Tuerk J, Bester K (2012b) Ozonation products of triclosan in advanced wastewater treatment. Water Res 46(7):2247–2256
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Chen X, Casas ME, Nielsen JL, Wimmer R, Bester K (2015) Identification of triclosan-O-sulfate and other transformation products of triclosan formed by activated sludge. Sci Total Environ 505:39–46
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Cherednichenko G, Zhang R, Bannister RA, Timofeyev V, Li N, Fritsch EB, Feng W, Barrientos GC, Schebb NH, Hammock BD, Beam KG, Chiamvimonvat N, Pessah IN (2012) Triclosan impairs excitation-contraction coupling and Ca2+ dynamics in striated muscle. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 109(35):14158–14163. doi:10.1073/pnas.1211314109
ADS
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Chi GT, Churchley J, Huddersman KD (2013) Pilot-scale removal of trace steroid hormones and pharmaceuticals and personal care products from municipal wastewater using a heterogeneous fenton’s catalytic process. Int J Chem Eng Article ID 760915. doi:10.1155/2013/760915
Chu S, Metcalfe CD (2007) Simultaneous determination of triclocarban and triclosan in municipal biosolids by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr 1164:212–218
CAS
Article
Google Scholar
Ciba Speciality Chemicals (2003) Ciba Irgasan DP 300, Irgacare MP—Toxicological and ecological data. Pub. No. PC.PH.TOX.0301.e.02
Clayton EMR, Todd M, Dowd JB, Aiello AE (2011) The impact of bisphenol A and triclosan on immune parameters in the U.S. population, NHANES 2003–2006. Environ Health Perspect 119:390–396
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Colborn T, vom Saal FS, Soto AM (1993) Developmental effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in wildlife and humans. Environ Health Perspect 101(5):378–384
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Coogan MA, La Point TW (2008) Snail bioaccumulation of triclocarban, triclosan, and methyltriclosan in a North Texas, USA, stream affected by wastewater treatment plant runoff. Environ Toxicol Chem 27(8):1788–1793
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Corton JC (2010) Mode of action analysis and human relevance of liver tumors induced by PPARa activation. In: Hsu CH, Stedeford T (eds) Cancer risk assessment: chemical carcinogenesis, hazard evaluation, and risk quantification. Wiley, Hobokon, pp 438–481
Google Scholar
Corton JL, Cunningham ML, Hummer BT, Lau CB, Meek JM, Peters JM, Popp JA, Rhomberg L, Seed J, Klaunig JE (2014) Mode of action framework analysis for receptor-mediated toxicity: the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) as a case study. Crit Rev Toxicol 44:1–49
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Crofton KM, Paul KB, DeVito MJ, Joan M, Hedge JM (2007) Short-term in vivo exposure to the water contaminant triclosan: evidence for disruption of thyroxine. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 24:194–197
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Dann AB, Hontela A (2011) Triclosan: environmental exposure, toxicity and mechanisms of action. J Appl Toxicol 31(4):285–311
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Dayan AD (2007) Risk assessment of triclosan (Irgasan R) in human breast milk. Food Chem Toxicol 45:125–129
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
DeSalva SJ, Kong BM, Lin YJ (1989) Triclosan: a safety profile. Am J Dent 2:185–196
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dhillon GS, Kaur S, Pulicharla A, Brar SK, Cledón M, Verma M, Surampalli RY (2015) Triclosan: current status, occurrence, environmental risks and bioaccumulation potential. Int J Environ Res Public Health 12(5):5657–5684
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Drury B, Scott J, Rosi-Marshall EJ, Kelly JJ (2013) Triclosan exposure increases triclosan resistance and influences taxonomic composition of benthic bacterial communities. Environ Sci Technol 47:8923–8930
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Durán-Álvarez JC, Prado B, González D, Sánchez Y, Jiménez-Cisneros B (2015) Environmental fate of naproxen, carbamazepine and triclosan in wastewater, surface water and wastewater irrigated soil—results of laboratory scale experiments. Sci Total Environ 538:350–362
PubMed
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Escalada MG, Russell AD, Maillard JY, Ochs D (2005) Triclosan-bacteria interactions: single or multiple target sites? Lett Appl Microbiol 41:476–481
PubMed
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
European Commission (2010) Council directive 76/768/EEC of 27 July 1976 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products. Annex VI: List of preservatives which cosmetic products may contain. http://eurlex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CONSLEG:1976L0768:20100301:en.pdf
Fahrenfeld N, Knowlton K, Krometis LA, Hession WC, Xia K, Lipscomb E, Libuit K, Green BL, Pruden A (2014) Effect of manure application on abundance of antibiotic resistance genes and their attenuation rates in soil: field-scale mass balance approach. Environ Sci Technol 48(5):2643–2650
ADS
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Fair PA, Lee HB, Adams J, Darling C, Pacepavicius G, Alaee M, Bossart GD, Henry N, Muir D (2009) Occurrence of triclosan in plasma of wild Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and in their environment. Environ Pollut 157(8–9):2248–2254
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Fang JL, Vanlandingham M, da Costa GG, Beland FA (2014) Absorption and metabolism of triclosan after application to the skin of B6C3F1 mice. Environ Toxicol (Epub ahead of print). www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed. Accessed 29 Aug 2015
FAO (2014) The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2014 Rome. www.fao.org/3/a-i3720e.pdf. Accessed 1 Nov 2015
Fernandez SV, Russo J (2010) Estrogen and xenoestrogens in breast cancer. Toxicol Pathol 38:110–122
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Fiss EM, Rule KL, Vikesland PJ (2007) Formation of chloroform and other chlorinated by-products by chlorination of triclosan-containing antibacterial products. Environ Sci Technol 41(7):2387–2394
ADS
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Foran CM, Bennett ER, Benson WH (2000) Developmental evaluation of a potential non-steroidal estrogen: triclosan. Mar Environ Res 50:153–156
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Fort DJ, Rogers RL, Gorsuch JW, Navarro LT, Peter R, Plautz JR (2010) Triclosan and anuran metamorphosis: no effect on thyroid-mediated metamorphosis in Xenopus laevis. Toxicol Sci 113(2):392–400
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Fort DJ, Mathis MB, Hanson W, Fort CE, Navarro LT, Peter R, Buche C, Unger S, Pawlowski S, Plautz JR (2011) Triclosan and thyroid-mediated metamorphosis in anurans: differentiating growth effects from thyroid-driven metamorphosis in Xenopus laevis. Toxicol Sci 121(2):292–302
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Freundlich JS, Wang F, Vilchèze C, Gulten G, Langley R, Schiehser GA, Jacobus DP, Jacobs WR Jr, Sacchettini JC (2009) Triclosan derivatives: towards potent inhibitors of drug sensitive and drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ChemMedChem 4(2):241–248. doi:10.1002/cmdc.200800261
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Friesema EC, Jansen J, Milici C, Visser TJ (2005) Thyroid hormone transporters. Vitam Horm 70:137–167
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Gantzhorn MR, Olsen JE, Thomsen LE (2015) Importance of sigma factor mutations in increased triclosan resistance in Salmonella Typhimurium. BMC Microbiol 15:105. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/15/105. Accessed 29 Oct 2015
Gao L, Yuan T, Cheng P, Bai Q, Zhou C, Ao J, Wang W, Zhang H (2015) Effects of triclosan and triclocarban on the growth inhibition, cell viability, genotoxicity and multixenobiotic resistance responses of Tetrahymena thermophila. Chemosphere 139:434–440. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.059
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Gee RH, Charles A, Taylor N, Darbre PD (2008) Oestrogenic and androgenic activity of triclosan in breast cancer cells. J Appl Toxicol 28(1):78–91
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Geens T, Roosens L, Neels H, Covaci A (2009) Assessment of human exposure to bisphenol-A, triclosan and tetrabromobisphenol-A through indoor dust intake in Belgium. Chemosphere 76(6):755–760
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Geens T, Neels H, Covaci A (2012) Distribution of bisphenol-A, triclosan and n-nonylphenol in human adipose tissue, liver and brain. Chemosphere 87(7):796–802
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Glassmeyer ST, Furlong ET, Kolpin DW, Cahill JD, Zaugg SD, Werner SL, Meyer MT, Kryak DD (2005) Transport of chemical and microbial compounds from known wastewater discharges: potential for use as indicators of human fecal contamination. Environ Sci Technol 39:5157–5169
ADS
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Golden RJ, Noller KL, Titus-Ernstoff L, Kaufman RH, Mittendorf R, Reese EA (1999) Environmental endocrine modulators and human health: an assessment of the biological evidence. Crit Rev Toxicol 28:109–227
Article
Google Scholar
Gomez E, Wang X, Dagnino S, Leclercq M, Escande A, Casellas C, Picot B, Fenet H (2007) Fate of endocrine disrupters in waste stabilization pond systems. Water Sci Technol 55(11):157–163
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Gomez-Escalda M, Maillard JY, Russell AD (2001) Effects of triclosan-sensitive and resistant strains of Gram-negative bacteria. Soc Appl Microbiol 30:9–12
Google Scholar
Gottschall N, Topp E, Metcalfe C, Edwards M, Payne M, Kleywegt S, Russell P, Lapen DR (2012) Pharmaceutical and personal care products in groundwater, subsurface drainage, soil, and wheat grain, following a high single application of municipal biosolids to a field. Chemosphere 87:194–203
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Gou N, Yuan S, Lan J, Gao C, Alshawabkeh AN, Gu AZ (2014) A quantitative toxicogenomics assay reveals the evolution and nature of toxicity during the transformation of environmental pollutants. Environ Sci Technol 48(15):8855–8863
ADS
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Halden RU, Paul DH (2005) Co-occurence of triclocarban and triclosan in U.S. water resources. Environ Sci Technol 39:1420–1426
ADS
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Hanioka N, Omae E, Nishimura T, Jinno H, Onodera S, Yoda R, Ando M (1996) Interaction of 2,4,4-trichloro-2-hydroxydiphenyl ether with microsomal cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases in rat liver. Chemosphere 33:265–276
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Hanioka N, Jinno H, Nishimura T, Ando M (1997) Effect of 2,4,41-trichloro-21- hydroxydiphenyl ether on cytochrome P450 enzymes in the rat liver. Chemosphere 34:719–730
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Hassan ZA, Abd El-Haleem MR, Mansour GN (2014) Effect of triclosan on the renal cortex of adult male albino rats and the possible protective role of ellagic acid: histological and biochemical study. J Cytol Histol 5:6
Google Scholar
Health Canada and Environment Canada (2012) Preliminary assessment–triclosan. http://www.ec.gc.ca/ese-ees/6EF68BEC-5620-4435-8729-9B91C57A9FD2/Triclosan_EN.pdf. Accessed 29 May 2016
Heath RJ, Rubin JR, Holland DR, Zhang E, Snow ME, Rock CO (1999) Mechanism of triclosan inhibition of bacterial fatty acid synthesis. J Biol Chem 274:11110–11114
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Heidler J, Halden RU (2007) Mass balance assessment of triclosan removal during conventional sewage treatment. Chemosphere 66(2):362–369
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Helbing CC, van Aggelen G, Veldhoen N (2011) Triclosan affects thyroid hormone dependent metamorphosis in anurans. Toxicol Sci 119:417–418
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Henry ND, Fair PA (2013) Comparison of in vitro cytotoxicity, estrogenicity and anti-estrogenicity of triclosan, perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid. J Appl Toxicol 33:265–272. doi:10.1002/jat.1736
PubMed
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Higgins CP, Paesani ZJ, Chalew TEA, Halden RU, Hundal LS (2011) Persistence of triclocarban and triclosan in soils after land application of biosolids and bioaccumulation in Eisenia foetida. Environ Toxicol Chem 30(3):556–563
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Hoigné J, Faust BC, Haag WR, Zepp RG (1989) Aquatic humic substances. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC
Google Scholar
Hollander D (1997) Environmental effects on reproductive health: the endocrine disruption hypothesis. Fam Plann Perspect 29(2):82–89
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Honkisz E, Zieba-Przybylska D, Wojtowicz AK (2012) The effect of triclosan on hormone secretion and viability of human choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cells. Reprod Toxicol 34:385–392
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Houtman CJ, Van Oostveen AM, Brouwer A, Lamoree MH, Legler J (2004) Identification of estrogenic compounds in fish bile using bioassay directed fractionation. Environ Sci Technol 38(23):6415–6423
ADS
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Hovander L, Malmberg T, Athanasiadou M, Athanassiadis I, Rahm S, Bergman A, Wehler EK (2002) Identification of hydroxylated PCB metabolites and other phenolic halogenated pollutants in human blood plasma. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 42:105–117
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Huang H, Du G, Zhang W, Hu J, Wu DI, Song L, Xia Y, Wang X (2014) The in vitro estrogenic activities of triclosan and triclocarban. J Appl Toxicol. doi:10.1002/jat.30012
Google Scholar
Hundt K, Martin D, Hammer E, Jonas U, Kinderman MK, Schauer F (2000) Transformation of triclosan by Trametes versicolor and Pycnoporus cinnabarinus. Appl Environ Microbiol 66(9):4157–4160
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Ishibashi H, Matsumura N, Hirano M, Matsuoka M, Shiratsuchi H, Ishibashi Y, Takao Y, Arizono K (2004) Effects of triclosan on the early life stages and reproduction of medaka Oryzias latipes and induction of hepatic vitellogenin. Aquat Toxicol 67:167–179
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Jacobs MN, Nolan GT, Hood SR (2005) Lignans, bacteriocides and organochlorine compounds activate the human pregnane X receptor (PXR). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 209:123–133
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
James MO, Li W, Summerlot DP, Rowland-Faux L, Wood CE (2010) Triclosan is a potent inhibitor of estradiol and estrone sulfonation in sheep placenta. Environ Int 36:942–949
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Jinno H, Hanioka N, Onodera S, Nishimura T, Ando M (1997) Irgasan DP 300 (5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-phenol) induces cytochrome P450s and inhibits haem biosynthesis in rat hepatocytes cultured on Matrigel. Xenobiotica 27:681–692
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Johannesburg Water (2015) Corporate profile, Johannesburg Water (Pty) Limited. http://www.johannesburgwater.co.za. Accessed 7 Nov 2015
Jung EM, An BS, Choi KC, Jeung EB (2012) Potential estrogenic activity of triclosan in the uterus of immature rats and rat pituitary GH3 cells. Toxicol Lett 208:142–148
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Kanetoshi A, Katsura E, Ogawa H, Ohyama T, Kaneshima H, Miura T (1992) Acute toxicity, percutaneous absorption and effects on hepatic mixed function oxidase activities of 2,4,4i-trichloro-2i-hydroxydiphenyl ether (Irgasan DP300) and its chlorinated derivatives. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 23:91–98
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Kantiani L, Farré M, Asperger D, Fernando Rubio F, González S, López de Alda MJ, Petrović M, Shelver WL, Barcelo D (2008) Triclosan and methyl-triclosan monitoring studyin the northeast of Spain using a magnetic particle enzyme immunoassay and confirmatory analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Hydrol 361:1–9
Karnjanapiboonwong A, Suski JG, Shah AA, Cai Q, Morse AN, Anderson TA (2011) Occurrence of PPCPs at a wastewater treatment plant and in soil and groundwater at a land application site. Water Air Soil Pollut 216:257–273
CAS
Article
Google Scholar
Kim YM, Murugesan K, Schmidt S, Bokare V, Jeon JR, Kim EJ, Chang YS (2011) Triclosan susceptibility and co-metabolism—a comparison for three aerobic pollutant-degrading bacteria. Bioresour Technol 102:2206–2212
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Kinney CA, Furlong ET, Kolpin DW, Burkhardt MR, Steven D, Zaugg SD, Werner SL, Bossio JP, Benotti MJ (2008) Bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals and other anthropogenic waste indicators in earthworms from agricultural soil amended with biosolid or swine manure. Environ Sci Technol 42(6):8
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Kirk–Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology (1993) 4th ed. vol 1. Wiley, New York, V7, 1026
Kodavanti PRS, Curras-Collazo MC (2010) Neuroendocrine actions of organohalogens: thyroid hormones, arginine vasopressin, and neuroplasticity. Front Neuroendocrinol 31(4):479–496
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Kolpin DW, Furlong ET, Meyer MT, Thurman EM, Zaugg SD, Barber LB, Buxton HT (2002) Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants in U.S. streams, 1999–2000: a national reconnaissance. Environ Sci Technol 36:1202–1211
ADS
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Kumar KS, Priya SM, Peck AM, Sajwan KS (2010) Mass loadings of triclosan and triclocarban from four wastewater treatment plants to three rivers and landfill in Savannah, Georgia, USA. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 58:275–285
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Kumara V, Chakrabortya A, Kural MR, Roy P (2009) Alteration of testicular steroidogenesis and histopathology of reproductive system in male rats treated with triclosan. Reprod Toxicol 27(2):177–185
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Kwon JT, Seo GB, Kim HM, Shim I, Lee B, Jung JY, Kim P, Choi K (2013) Evaluation of comparative cytotoxicity of spray-type chemicals used in household products. Mol Cell Toxicol 9:51–56
CAS
Article
Google Scholar
Larsson K, Björklund KL, Palm B, Wennberg M, Kaj L, Lindh CH, Jönsson BAG, Berglund M (2014) Exposure determinants of phthalates, parabens, bisphenol A and triclosan in Swedish mothers and their children. Environ Int 73:323–333
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Latch DE, Packer JL, Arnold WA, McNeill K (2003) Photochemical conversion of triclosan to 2,8-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in aqueous solution. J Photochem Photobiol A 158:63–66
CAS
Article
Google Scholar
Latch DE, Packer JL, Stender BL, VanOverbeke J, Arnold WA, McNeill K (2005) Aqueous photochemistry of triclosan: formation of 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,8-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, and oligomerization products. Environ Toxicol Chem 24(3):517–525
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Lee DG, Chu KH (2015) Abundances of triclosan-degrading microorganisms in activated sludge systems. Environ Eng Res 20(1):105–109
Article
Google Scholar
Lee HB, Peart TE (2002) Organic contaminants in Canadian municipal sewage sludge. Part I. Toxic or endocrine-disrupting phenolic compounds. Water Qual Res J Can 37:681–696
ADS
CAS
Google Scholar
Lee DG, Zhao F, Rezenom YH, Russell DH, Chu KH (2012a) Biodegradation of triclosan by a wastewater microorganism. Water Res 46(13):4226–4234
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Lee H, Park M, Yi B, Choi K (2012b) Octylphenol and triclosan induced proliferation of human breast cancer cells via an estrogen receptor-mediated signaling in vitro. Endocrine Abstracts 29, P749 http://www.endocrine-abstracts.org/ea/0029/ea0029p749.htm. Accessed Aug 11 2015
Lee HR, Hwang KA, Nam KH, Kim HC, Choi KC (2014) Progression of breast cancer cells was enhanced by endocrine disrupting chemicals, triclosan and octylphenol, via an estrogen receptor-dependent signaling pathway in cellular and mouse xenograft models. Chem Res Toxicol 27:834–842. doi:10.1021/tx5000156
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Leiker TJ, Abney SR, Goodbred SL, Rosen MR (2009) Identification of methyl triclosan and halogenated analogues in male common carp (Cyprinus carpio) from Las Vegas Bay and semipermeable membrane devices from Las Vegas Wash, Nevada. Sci Total Environ 407(6):2102–2114
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Li X, Ying GG, Su HC, Yang XB, Wang L (2010) Simultaneous determination and assessment of 4-nonylphenol, bisphenol A and triclosan in tap water, bottled water and baby bottles. Environ Int 36:557–562
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Li X, Ying GG, Zhao JL, Chen ZF, Lai HJ, Su HC (2013) 4-Nonylphenol, bisphenol-A and triclosan levels in human urine of children and students in China, and the effects of drinking these bottled materials on the levels. Environ Int 52:81–86
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Lin YJ (2000) Buccal absorption of triclosan following topical mouth rinse application. Am J Dent 13(4):215–217
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lindstrom A, Buerge IJ, Poiger T, Bergovist PA, Muller MD, Buser HR (2002) Occurrence and environmental behaviour of the bactericide triclosan and its methyl derivative in surface waters and in wastewater. Environ Sci Technol 36:2322–2329
ADS
PubMed
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Liu B, Wang Y, Fillgrove KL, Anderson VE (2002) Triclosan inhibits enoyl-reductase of type I fatty acid synthase in vitro and is cytotoxic to MCF-7 and SKBr-3 breast cancer cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 49:187–193. doi:10.1007/s00280-001-0399-x
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Loraine GA, Pettigrove ME (2006) Seasonal variations in concentrations of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in drinking water and reclaimed wastewater in southern California. Environ Sci Technol 40:687–695
ADS
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Lozano N, Rice CP, Ramirez M, Torrents A (2013) Fate of triclocarban, triclosan and methyltriclosan during wastewater and biosolids treatment processes. Water Res 47(13):4519–4527
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Lu S, Archer MC (2005) Fatty acid synthase is a potential molecular target for the chemoprevention of breast cancer. Carcinogenesis 26:153–157
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Ma H, Zheng L, Li Y, Pan S, Hu J, Yu Z, Zhang G, Sheng G, Fu J (2013) Triclosan reduces the levels of global DNA methylation in HepG2 cells. Chemosphere 90:1023–1029
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
MacIsaac JK, Gerona RR, Blanc PD, Apatira L, Friesen MW, Cop-polino M, Janssen S (2014) Health care worker exposures to the antibacterial agent triclosan. J Occup Environ Med 56:834–839
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Martínez-Paz P, Morales M, Martínez-Guitarte JL, Morcillo G (2013) Genotoxic effects of environmental endocrine disruptors on the aquatic insect Chironomus riparius evaluated using the comet assay. Mutat Res 758:41–47
PubMed
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Martínez-Zapata M, Aristizábal C, Peñuela G (2013) Photodegradation of the endocrine-disrupting chemicals 4n-nonylphenol and triclosan by simulated solar UV irradiation in aqueous solutions with Fe(III) and in the absence/presence of humic acids. J Photochem Photobiol A 251:41–49
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
McAvoy DC, Schatowitz B, Jacob M, Hauk A, Eckhoff WS (2002) Measurement of triclosan in wastewater treatment systems. Environ Toxicol Chem 21(7):1323–1329
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
McClellan K, Halden RU (2010) Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in archived U.S. biosolids from the 2001 EPA national sewage sludge survey. Water Res 44(2):658–668
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
McMurry LM, Oethinger M, Levy SB (1998) Overexpression of marA, soxS, or acrAB produces resistance to triclosan in laboratory and clinical strains of Escherichia coli. FEMS Microbiol Lett 166:305–309
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
McNamara PJ, LaPara TM, Novak PJ (2014) The impacts of triclosan on anaerobic community structures, function, and antimicrobial resistance. Environ Sci Technol 48:7393–7400
ADS
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Meng Z (2005) Removal of estrogenic pollutants from contaminated water. Environ Sci Technol 39:8958–8962
ADS
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Miller TR, Heidler J, Chillrud SN, Delaquil A, Ritchie JC, Mihalic JN, Bopp R, Halden RU (2008) Fate of triclosan and evidence for reductive dechlorination of triclocarban in estuarine sediments. Environ Sci Technol 42(12):4570–4576
ADS
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Miyazaki T, Yamagishi T, Matsumoto M (1984) Residues of 4-chloro-1-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-2-methoxybenzene(triclosanmethyl) in aquatic biota. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 32(2):227–232
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Morales S, Canosa P, Rodriguez I, Rubi E, Cela R (2005) Microwave assisted extraction followed by gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of triclosan and two related chlorophenols in sludge and sediments. J Chromatogr A 1082(2):128–135
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Moss T, Howes D, Williams F (2000) Percutaneous penetration and dermal metabolism of triclosan (2,4,4′-trichloro-2′-hydroxydiphenyl ether). Food Chem Toxicol 38:361–370
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
NICNAS (2009) National industrial chemicals notification and assessment scheme. Triclosan. Priority Existing Chemical Assessment Report No. 30 Australian Government Department of Health and Aging. http://www.nicnas.gov.au/communications/publications/chemical-assessments and www.nicnas.gov.au/chemical-information/pec-assessments, January 2009. Accessed 11 May 2016
Nietch C, Quinlan E (2013) Effects of a chronic lower range of triclosan exposure on a stream mesocosm community. Environ Toxicol Chem 32:2874–2887
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
NWRI (2010) Source, fate, and transport of endocrine disruptors, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products in drinking water sources in California. In: Guo YC, Krasner SW, Fitzsimmons S, Woodside G, Yamachika N (eds) National Water Research Institute Fountain Valley, California. http://www.nwri-usa.org/epublications.htm. Accessed 16 May 2016
Orvos DR, Versteeg DJ, Inauen J, Capdevielle M, Rothenstein A, Cunningham V (2002) Aquatic toxicity of triclosan. Environ Toxicol Chem 21(7):1338–1349
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Padhye LP, Yao H, Francis T, Kung’u FT, Huang CH (2014) Year-long evaluation on the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine disrupting chemicals in an urban drinking water treatment plant. Water Res 51(15):266–276
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Pannu MW, Toor GS, O’Connor GA, Wilson PC (2012) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of biosolids-borne triclosan in food crops. Environ Toxicol Chem 31:2130–2137
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Park HG, Yeo MK (2012) The toxicity of triclosan, bisphenol A, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether to the regeneration of cnidarian, Hydra magnipapillata. Mol Cell Toxicol 8:209–216
CAS
Article
Google Scholar
Paul KB, Hedge JM, Devito MJ, Crofton K (2010) Developmental triclosan exposure decreases maternal and neonatal thyroxine in rats. Environ Toxicol Chem 29(12):2840–2844
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Perencevich EN, Wong MT, Harris AD (2001) National and regional assessment of the antibacterial soap market: a step toward determining the impact of prevalent antibacterial soaps. Am J Infect Control 29:281–283
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Perez AL, De Sylor MA, Slocombe AJ, Lew MG, Unice KM, Donovan EP (2013) Triclosan occurrence in freshwater systems in the United States (1999–2012): a meta-analysis. Environ Toxicol Chem 32(7):1479–1487
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Petersen MA, Boberg J, Vinggaard AM, Christiansen S, Hass U (2013) Triclosan exposure reduces thyroxine levels in pregnant and lactating rat dams and in directly exposed offspring. Food Chem Toxicol 59:534–540
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Pi J, Bai Y, Zhang Q, Wong V, Floering LM, Daniel K, Reece JM, Deeney JT, Andersen ME, Corkey BE, Collins S (2007) Reactive oxygen species as a signal in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Diabetes 56:1783–1791
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Pintado-Herrera MG, González-Mazo E, Lara-Martín PA (2014) Atmospheric pressure gas chromatography–time-of-flight–mass spectrometry (APGC–ToF–MS) for the determination of regulated and emerging contaminants in aqueous samples after stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE). Anal Chim Acta 851:1–13
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Prosser RS, Sibley PK (2015) Human health risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in plant tissue due to biosolids and manure amendments, and wastewater irrigation. Environ Int 75:223–233
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Qiao X, Zheng X, Xie Q, Yang X, Xiao J, Xue W, Chen J (2014) Faster photodegradation rate and higher dioxin yield of triclosan induced by cationic surfactant CTAB. J Hazard Mater 275:210–214
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Qin PF, Liu RT, Pan XR, Fang XY, Mou Y (2010) Impact of carbon chain length on binding of perfluoroalkyl acids to bovine serum albumin determined by spectroscopic methods. J Agric Food Chem 58:5561–5567
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Queckenberg C, Meins J, Wachall B, Doroshyenko O, Tomalik-Scharte D, Bastian B, Abdel-Tawab M, Fuhr U (2010) Absorption, pharmacokinetics, and safety of triclosan after dermal administration. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 54(1):570–572
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Reiss R, Mackay N, Habig C, Griffin J (2002) An ecological risk assessment for triclosan in lotic systems following discharge from wastewater treatment plants in the United States. Environ Toxicol Chem 21(11):2483–2492
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Robertshaw H, Leppard B (2007) Contact dermatitis to triclosan in toothpaste. Contact Dermat 57:383–384
Article
Google Scholar
Rodricks JV, Swenberg JA, Borzelleca JF, Maronpot RR, Shipp AM (2010) Triclosan: a critical review of the experimental data and development of margins of safety for consumer products. Crit Rev Toxicol 40:422–484
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Roh H, Subramanya N, Zhao F, Yu CP, Sandt J, Chu KH (2009) Biodegradation potential of wastewater micropollutants by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. Chemosphere 77:1084–1089
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Rüdel H, Böhmer W, Müller M, Fliedner A, Ricking M, Teubner D, Schröter-Kermani C (2013) Retrospective study of triclosan and methyl-triclosan residues in fish and suspended particulate matter: results from the German Environmental Specimen Bank. Chemosphere 91(11):1517–1524
PubMed
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Russell AD (2003) Similarities and differences in the responses of microorganisms to biocides. J Antimicrob Chemother 52:750–763
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Russell AD (2004) Whither triclosan? J Antimicrob Chemother 53:693–695
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Sadowski MC, Pouwer RH, Gunter JH, Lubik AA, Quinn RJ, Nelson CC (2014) The fatty acid synthase inhibitor triclosan: repurposing an anti-microbial agent for targeting prostate cancer. Oncotarget 5(19):9362–9381. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.2433
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Sanchez P, Moreno E, Martinez JL (2005) The biocide triclosan selects Stenotrophomonas maltophilia mutants that overproduce the SmeDEF multidrug efflux pump. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49:781–782
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Sanchez-Prado L, Llompart M, Lores M, García-Jares C, Bayona JM, Cela R (2006) Monitoring the photochemical degradation of triclosan in wastewater by UV light and sunlight using solid-phase microextraction. Chemosphere 65:1338–1347
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Sandborgh-Englund G, Adolfsson-Erici M, Odham G, Ekstrand J (2006) Pharmacokinetics of triclosan following oral ingestion in humans. J Toxicol Environ Health Part A 69(20):1861–1873
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Schena D, Papagrigoraki A, Girolomoni G (2008) Sensitizing potential of triclosan and triclosan-based skin care products in patients with chronic eczema. Dermatol Ther 2:S35–S38
Article
Google Scholar
Schiffer C, Muller A, Egeberg CL, Alvarez L, Brenker CA, Frederiksen H, Waschle B, Kaupp UB, Balbach M, Wachten D, Skakkebaek NE, Almstrup K, Strunker T (2014) Direct action of endocrine disrupting chemicals on human sperm. EMBO Rep 15(7):758–765
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Schweizer HP (2001) Triclosan: a widely used biocide and its link to antibiotics. FEMS Microbiol Lett 202:1–7
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Serrano M, Robatzek S, Torres M, Kombrink E, Somssich IE, Robinson E, Schulze-Lefert P (2007) Chemical interference of pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immune responses in Arabidopsis reveals a potential role for fatty-acid synthase type II complex-derived lipid signals. J Biol Chem 282(9):6803–6811
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Shen JY, Chang MS, Yang SH, Wu GJ (2012) Simultaneous and rapid determination of triclosan, triclocarban and their four related transformation products in water samples using SPME–HPLC–DAD. J Liq Chromatogr Relat Technol 35(16):2280–2293
CAS
Google Scholar
Shim J, Weatherly LM, Luc RH, Dorman MT, Neilson A, Ng R, Kim CH, Millard PJ, Gosse JA (2016) Triclosan is a mitochondrial uncoupler in live zebrafish. J Appl Toxicol. doi:10.1002/jat.3311. Accessed 1 June 2016
Singer H, Muller S, Tixier C, Pillonel L (2002) Triclosan: occurrence and fate of a widely used biocide in the aquatic environment: field measurements in wastewater treatment plants, surface waters, and lake sediments. Environ Sci Technol 36(23):4998–5004
ADS
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Snyder SA, Wert EC, Lei H, Westerhoff P, Yoon Y (2007) Removal of EDCs and pharmaceuticals in drinking and reuse treatment processes. Awwa Research Foundation, Denver
Google Scholar
Snyder SA, Vanderford BJ, Drewes J, Dickenson E, Snyder EM, Bruce GM, Pleus RC (2008) State of knowledge of endocrine disruptors and pharmaceuticals in drinking water. Awwa Research Foundation, Denver
Google Scholar
Soares S, Mateus N, Freitas V (2007) Interaction of different polyphenols with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human salivary R-amylase (HSA) by fluorescence quenching. J Agric Food Chem 55:6726–6735
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Solomon GM, Schettler T (2000) Environment and health: endocrine disruption and potential human health implications. CMAJ 163(11):1471–1476
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Son HS, Ko G, Zoh KD (2009) Kinetics and mechanism of photolysis and TiO2 photocatalysis of triclosan. J Hazard Mater 166:954–960
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Sorensen JPR, Lapworth DJ, Nkhuwa DCW, Stuart ME, Gooddy DC, Bell RA, Chirwa M, Kabika J, Liemisa M, Chibesa M, Pedley S (2015) Emerging contaminants in urban groundwater sources in Africa. Water Res 72:51–63
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Spanier AJ, Fausnight T, Camacho TF, Braun JM (2014) The associations of triclosan and paraben exposure with allergen sensitization and wheeze in children. Allergy Asthma Proc 35(6):475–481
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Sporik R, Kemp AS (1997) Topical triclosan treatment of atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 99:861
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Stasinakis AS, Petalas AV, Mamais D, Thomaidis NS, Gatidou G, Lekkas TD (2007) Investigation of triclosan fate and toxicity in continuous-flow activated sludge systems. Chemosphere 68:375–381
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Stoker TE, Gibson EK, Zorrilla LM (2010) Triclosan exposure modulates estrogen-dependent responses in the female Wistar rat. Toxicol Sci 117(1):45–53
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Suarez S, Dodd MC, Omil F, von Gunten U (2007) Kinetics of triclosan oxidation by aqueous ozone and consequent loss of antibacterial activity: relevance to municipal wastewater ozonation. Water Res 41:2481–2490
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Suller MTE, Russell AD (1999) Antibiotic and biocide resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus. J Hosp Infect 43:281–291
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Svenningsen H, Henriksen T, Priemé A, Johnsen AR (2011) Triclosan affects the microbial community in simulated sewage-drain-field soil and slows down xenobiotic degradation. Environ Pollut 159:1599–1605
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Svenson A, Allard AS, Ek M (2003) Removal of estrogenicity in Swedish municipal sewage treatment plants. Water Res 37:4433–4443
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Tamura I, Kanbara Y, Saito M, Horimoto K, Satoh M, Yamamoto H, Oyama Y (2012) Triclosan, an antibacterial agent, increases intracellular Zn2+ concentration in rat thymocytes: its relation to oxidative stress. Chemosphere 86:70–75
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Tan WP, Suresh S, Tey HL, Chiam LY, Goon AT (2010) A randomized double-blind controlled trial to compare a triclosan-containing emollient with vehicle for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Clin Exp Dermatol 35:109–112
Article
Google Scholar
Taştana BE, Dönmeza G (2015) Biodegradation of pesticide triclosan by A. versicolor in simulated wastewater and semi-synthetic media. Pestic Biochem Physiol 118:33–37
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Tatarazako N, Ishibashi H, Teshima K, Kishi K, Arizono K (2004) Effects of triclosan on various organisms. Environ Sci 11(2):133–140
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
TIME (2014) Minnesota bans antibacterial triclosan. TIME Newspaper U.S. May 19, 2014
Tixier C, Singer HP, Canonica S, Muller SR (2002) Phototransformation of triclosan in surface waters: a relevant elimination process for this widely used biocide—laboratory studies, field measurements, and modelling. Environ Sci Technol 36:3482–3489
ADS
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Tohidi F, Cai Z (2016) Fate and mass balance of triclosan and its degradation products: comparison of three different types of wastewater treatments and aerobic/anaerobic sludge digestion. J Hazard Mater. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.04.034. Accessed 16 May 2016
Tuffnell DJ, Croton RS, Hemingway DM, Hartley MN, Wake PN, Garvey RJ (1987) Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; the role of antisepsis in the control of an outbreak. J Hosp Infect 10(3):255–259
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
US FDA (2008) Triclosan; supporting information for toxicological evaluation by the national toxicology program, July 2008. U S Food and Drug Administration. Department of Health and Human Services
US EPA (2008c) US Environmental Protection Agency. Cancer assessment document: evaluation of the carcinogenic potential of triclosan. Final, January 4, 2008. Washington (DC): US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances. www.regulations.gov/#!searchResults;rpp=10;po=10;s=EPA-HQ-OPP-2007-0513
US FDA (2010) Chapter 1—food and drug administration, Department of Health and Human Services, sub-chapter E—animal drugs, feeds, and related products, part 556—tolerances for residues of new animal drugs in food—Sub-part B—specific tolerance for residues of new animal drugs—section 556.286—Flunixin. In: Administration U.S.F.a.D. (ed) United States Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC, USA (21 CF 556286)
US CDC (2014) Fourth national report on human exposure to environmental chemicals updated tables, July 2014. US Department of Health and Human Services Centres for Disease Control. http://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/pdf/FourthReport_UpdatedTables_Jul2014.pdf. Accessed 22 May 2016
US EPA US Environmental Protection Agency (2008e) Revised environmental fate science chapter for the triclosan reregistration eligibility decision (RED) document. Reregistration Case No.: 2340. Washington (DC): US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, p 42
Veldhoen N, Skirrow RC, Osachoff H, Wigmore H, Clapson DJ, Gunderson MP, Van Aggelen G, Helbing CC (2006) The bactericidal agent triclosan modulates thyroid hormone-associated gene expression and disrupts postembryonic anuran development. Aquat Toxicol 80:217–227
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Vélez MP, Arbuckle TE, Fraser WD (2015) Female exposure to phenols and phthalates and time to pregnancy: the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study. Fertil Steril 103(4):1011–1020
PubMed
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Villalain J, Mateo CR, Aranda FJ, Shapiro S, Micol V (2001) Membranotropic effects of the antibacterial agent triclosan. Arch Biochem Biophys 390(1):128–136
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Wallet MA, Calderon NL, Alonso TR, Choe CS, Catalfamo DL, Lalane CJ, Neiva KG, Panagakos F, Wallet SM (2013) Triclosan alters antimicrobial and inflammatory responses of epithelial cells. Oral Dis 19:296–302
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wang LQ, Falany CN, James MO (2004) Triclosan as a substrate and inhibitor of 3’-phosphoadenosine 5’-phosphosulfate-sulfotransferase and UDP-glucuronosyl transferase in human liver fractions. Drug Metab Dispos 32(10):1162–1169
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Wang L, Asimakopoulos AG, Kannan K (2015) Accumulation of 19 environmental phenolic and xenobiotic heterocyclic aromatic compounds in human adipose tissue. Environ Int 78:45–50
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Waria M, O’Connor GA, Toor GS (2011) Biodegradation of triclosan in biosolids-amended soils. Environ Toxicol Chem 30(11):2488–2496. doi:10.1002/etc.666
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Watkinson AJ, Murby EJ, Costanzo SD (2007) Removal of antibiotics in conventional and advanced wastewater treatment: implications for environmental discharge and wastewater recycling. Water Res 41(18):4164–4176
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Weatherly LM, Shim J, Hashmi HN, Kennedy RH, Hess ST, Gosse JA (2016) Antimicrobial agent triclosan is a proton ionophore uncoupler of mitochondria in living rat and human mast cells and in primary human keratinocytes. J Appl Toxicol 36:777–789. doi:10.1002/jat.3209
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Weiss L, Arbuckle TE, Fisher M, Ramsay T, Mallick R, Hauser R, LeBlanc A, Walker M, Dumas P, Lang C (2015) Temporal variability and sources of triclosan exposure in pregnancy. Int J Hyg Env Health 218(6):507–513
CAS
Article
Google Scholar
Wijekoon KC, Hai FI, William JK, Price E, Guo W, Ngo HH, Nghiem LD (2013) The fate of pharmaceuticals, steroid hormones, phytoestrogens, UV-filters and pesticides during MBR treatment. Bioresour Technol 144:247–254
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Wilson B, Chen RF, Cantwell M, Gontz A, Zhu J, Olsen CR (2009) The partitioning of triclosan between aqueous and particulate bound phases in the Hudson River Estuary. Mar Pollut Bull 59:207–212
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Wingspread Consensus Statement (1991) Statement from the work session on chemically-induced alterations in sexual development: the wildlife/human connection. http://www.ourstolenfuture.org/Consensus/wingspread1.htm. Accessed 16 Feb 2015
Winitthana T, Lawanprasert S, Chanvorachote P (2014) Triclosan potentiates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in anoikis-resistant human lung cancer cells. PLoS One 9(10):e110851. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0110851
Wolff MS, Teitelbaum SL, Windham G, Pinney SM, Britton JA, Chelimo C, Godbold J, Biro F, Kushi LH, Pfeiffer CM, Calafat AM (2007) Pilot study of urinary biomarkers of phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols in girls. Environ Health Perspect 115:116–121
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Wong CSM, Beck MH (2001) Allergic contact dermatitis from triclosan in antibacterial handwashes. Contact Dermat 45:307
CAS
Article
Google Scholar
Wu C, Spongberg AL, Witter JD (2009) Adsorption and degradation of triclosan and triclocarban in soils and biosolids-amended soils. J Agric Food Chem 57(11):4900–4905. doi:10.1021/jf900376c
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Wu C, Spongberg AL, Witter JD, Fang M, Czajkowski KP (2010) Uptake of pharmaceutical and personal care products by soybean plants from soils applied with biosolids and irrigated with contaminated water. Environ Sci Technol 44(16):6157–6161
ADS
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Wu C, Spongberg AL, Witter JD, Sridhar BBM (2012a) Transfer of wastewater associated pharmaceuticals and personal care products to crop plants from biosolids treated soil. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 85:104–109
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Wu Q, Shi H, Adams CD, Timmons T, Ma Y (2012b) Oxidative removal of selected endocrine-disruptors and pharmaceuticals in drinking water treatment systems, and identification of degradation products of triclosan. Sci Total Environ 439:18–25
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Wu Y, Wu Q, Belanda FA, Gea P, Manjanathab MG, Fanga JL (2014) Differential effects of triclosan on the activation of mouse and human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Toxicol Lett 231(1):17–28
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Wu Y, Beland FA, Chen S, Fang JL (2015) Extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 and Akt contribute to triclosan-stimulated proliferation of JB6 Cl 41-5a cells. Arch Toxicol 89:1297–1311
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Xia K, Hundal LS, Kumar K, Armbrust K, Cox AE, Granato TC (2010) Triclocarban, triclosan, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and 4-nonylphenol in biosolids and in soil receiving 33-year biosolids application. Environ Toxicol Chem 29:597–605
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Xue J, Wu Q, Sakthivel S, Pavithran PV, Vasukutty JR, Kannan K (2015) Urinary levels of endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including bisphenols, bisphenol A diglycidyl ethers, benzophenones, parabens, and triclosan in obese and non-obese Indian children. Environ Res 137:120–128. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2014.12.007
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Yang GCC, Yena CH, Wang CL (2014) Monitoring and removal of residual phthalate esters and pharmaceuticals in the drinking water of Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. J Hazard Mater 277:53–61
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Yin J, Wei L, Shi Y, Zhang J, Wu Q, Shao B (2015) Chinese population exposure to triclosan and triclocarban as measured via human urine and nails. Environ Geochem Health. doi:10.1007/s10653-015-9777-x. Accessed 31 May 2016
Ying GG, Kookana RS (2007) Triclosan in effluents and biosolids from Australian wastewater treatment plants. Environ Int 33:199–205
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Ying GG, Yu XY, Kookana RS (2007) Biological degradation of triclocarban and triclosan in a soil under aerobic and anaerobic conditions and comparison with environmental fate modelling. Environ Pollut 150(3):300–305
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Yueh MF, Taniguchi K, Chen S, Evans RM, Hammock BD, Karin M, Tukey RH (2014) The commonly used antimicrobial additive triclosan is a liver tumor promoter. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 111(48):17200–17205
ADS
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Article
Google Scholar
Zafar A, Butler R, Reese D, Gaydos L, Mennonna P (1995) Use of 0.3% triclosan (Bacti-Stat) to eradicate an outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a neonatal nursery. Am J Infect Control 23:200–208
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Zhang H, Huang C (2003) Oxidative transformation of triclosan and chlorophene by manganese oxides. Environ Sci Technol 37:2421–2430
ADS
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar
Ziylan A, Ince NH (2011) The occurrence and fate of anti-inflammatory and analgesic pharmaceuticals in sewage and fresh water: treatability by conventional and non-conventional processes. J Hazard Mater 187(1–3):24–36
CAS
PubMed
Article
Google Scholar