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Poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide)-co-poly(sodium acrylate) hydrogel for the adsorption of cationic dyes from aqueous solution

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Abstract

In this study, we used radical polymerization to create poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide)-co-poly (sodium acrylate) [PNIPAM-co-PSA] hydrogels and analyzed the resulting products. N, N′-Methylenebisacrylamide was employed as a cross-linker, ammonium persulfate as an initiator, and N,N′-isopropyl acrylamide and sodium acrylamide as monomers. Structural analysis was measured by using FT-IR. Indeed, SEM analysis was used to characterize the morphological structure of the hydrogel. Studies on swelling were also done. The Taguchi approach was used to study and assess the adsorption studies of the hydrogels for the efficient removal of malachite green and methyl orange. For the optimization, a central composite surface methodology was applied. The effect of several parameters, including adsorbent dosage, pH, initial dye concentration, temperature, time, and mixing speed, was examined using the Taguchi technique, and the primary factors were chosen and examined using the central composite surface methodology. It was discovered that MG dye's (cationic) removal efficiency was higher than that of MO dye's (anionic). The results suggest that [PNIPAM-co-PSA] hydrogel can be used as an effective, alternative and promising adsorbent to be applied in the treatment of effluents containing the cationic dyes from wastewater. The synthesis of hydrogels provides a suitable recyclability platform for the adsorption of cationic dyes and allows for their recovery without the use of powerful reagents.

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Acknowledgements

Authors are thankful to M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, for the facilities extended.

Funding

This work is self-supported, and it is not funded by any external agency.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, 560058, India

    Jyothy G. Vijayan & T. Niranjana Prabhu

  2. Department of Physics, University Centre for Research and Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India

    Kaushik Pal

Authors
  1. Jyothy G. Vijayan
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  2. T. Niranjana Prabhu
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  3. Kaushik Pal
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Contributions

JGV contributed in the synthesis and applications, Prof. T.N.P. supervised and directed plan of research, and Prof. KP explored in experimental methodology, external resources and conceptualization of the manuscript for materialization. All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to T. Niranjana Prabhu or Kaushik Pal.

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All the authors have declared that there are no further conflicts of interests for suitable publications.

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Guest editors: Jean-Marc Di Meglio, Aritra Ghosh, Orlando Guzmán, P. Lakshmi Praveen.

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Vijayan, J.G., Prabhu, T.N. & Pal, K. Poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide)-co-poly(sodium acrylate) hydrogel for the adsorption of cationic dyes from aqueous solution. Eur. Phys. J. E 46, 11 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/s10189-023-00266-x

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