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80 years of experimental photo-fission research

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Abstract

High energy photons, or \(\gamma \)-rays, were among the very first probes used to induce fission. Their significant impact in this field is due to particular properties of the \(\gamma \)-rays, such as the lack of a Coulomb barrier and the low, well-defined angular momentum transfer, but also to the variety of \(\gamma \)-ray sources developed over the years. This variety, going from simple but intense bremsstrahlung beams, through complex virtual photon excitations, to high resolution monochromatic sources of several types, gave rise to extensive photo-fission research programs. The review presents the evolution over more than 80 years of the methodology and instrumentation used in photo-fission experiments. The most important developments in fundamental and applied science are summarized and discussed. The main improvements necessary for the progression of this field into the age of nuclear photonics are outlined.

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Data Availability

This manuscript has no associated data or the data will not be deposited. [Authors’ comment: Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.]

Notes

  1. In the past, resonances were labeled with the incoming partial wave \(L_{2I,2J}\), as in \(\Delta (1232)P_{33}\) and \(N(1680)F_{15}\). Now the partial-wave notation has been replaced with the spin-parity \(J^\pi \) of the state, as e.g., \(\Delta (1232)3/2^+\) and \(N(1680)5/2^+\).

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank M. Cuciuc, A. Kuşoğlu, D. Nichita, A. Rotaru, P.-A. Söderström, A. State, D. Testov, V. Vasilca, and Y. Xu for thoroughly proof-reading this manuscript. This work was supported by the Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitalization under the contract PN 23 21 01 06 and by Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP) Phase II, a project co-financed by the Romanian Government and the European Regional Development Fund the Competitiveness Operational Programme (1/07.07.2016, COP, ID 1334).

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  1. Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics, “Horia Hulubei” National Institute for R& D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Str. Reactorului 30, 077125, Măgurele, Romania

    Dimiter L. Balabanski & Paul Constantin

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  1. Dimiter L. Balabanski
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Communicated by Calin Alexandru Ur.

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Balabanski, D.L., Constantin, P. 80 years of experimental photo-fission research. Eur. Phys. J. A 60, 39 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-024-01264-z

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