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Drought Tolerance of Ornamental Poplar Forms Cultured In Vitro

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Abstract

The resistance of regenerate Populus alba×P. bolleana no.7, P. alba×P. bolleana no.12, and P. davidiana×P. bolleana cv. Baicheng 1 plants cultured in vitro to osmotic stress is examined. It is found that hybrid no. 7 tolerates d-mannitol in the nutrient medium at concentrations up to 250 mM after a 30-day culturing period, while the Baicheng 1 variety tolerates it only in concentrations up to 50 mM. Hybrid no. 12 remains viable at d-mannitol concentrations up to 150 mM. The application of d-mannitol statistically significantly reduces leaf blade parameters (length, width, and leaf area) only in hybrid no. 7; in the rest of the studied specimens, the differences are statistically insignificant (p < 0.05). The introduction of the osmotic component reduces the fresh and dry weight of all studied specimens by 1.7–2.2 times; the water content in their tissues remains virtually unchanged. In relation to drought tolerance, the results are confirmed by micromorphological parameters (stomatal apparatus and pubescence). The Baicheng 1 poplar variety features the lowest pubescence and the highest stomatal density (155.44 pcs/mm2), while poplar hybrid no. 7 features the highest pubescence and the lowest stomatal density (127.75 pcs/mm2). No direct relationship between the osmotic stress and the number and size of stomata was identified in the studied specimens. Our data indicate that the studied poplar hybrids feature different resistance to osmotic stress when cultured in vitro. Hybrid no. 7 is more drought-resistant and can be recommended for urban landscaping in arid conditions.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This study was performed using materials from the bioresource scientific collection of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences “Collections of Living Plants Cultivated Outdoors and Indoors,” Unique Scientific Facility no. USU 440534.

Funding

This study was performed as part of the State Task of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, projects no. AAAA-A21-121011290027-6 and AAAA-A21-121011290025-2.

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  1. Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia

    A. A. Erst & A. V. Karakulov

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  1. A. A. Erst
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Correspondence to A. A. Erst or A. V. Karakulov.

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Translated by L. Emeliyanov

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Erst, A.A., Karakulov, A.V. Drought Tolerance of Ornamental Poplar Forms Cultured In Vitro. Contemp. Probl. Ecol. 16, 339–345 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995425523030058

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