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Compositional Evolution of REE- and Ti-Bearing Accessory Minerals in Metamorphic Schists of Atomfjella Series, Western Ny Friesland, Svalbard and Its Petrogenetic Significance

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Abstract—Accessory REE- and Ti-bearing minerals have been investigated in rocks of the northern part of the West Ny Friesland anticlinorium, Svalbard Archipelago. The anticlinorium is formed by Paleoproterozoic and Early Riphean metamorphic complexes overlain with an angular unconformity by Late Riphean–Early Paleozoic metasedimentary sequences of the ancient platform cover. Representative samples of metapelites with the assemblage Ms–Bt–Grt–Qz–Pl and calcic pelitic schists with additional calcite and clinozoisite were studied. Special attention was paid to the microstructure of accessory minerals aggregates and its rock-forming interpretation. Several accessory assemblages were delineated, corresponding to distinct “time slices” of the metamorphic history. The earlier assemblage consists of REE-bearing minerals: monazite-(Ce) and REE-rich clinozoisite and epidote overgrown on detrital (?) allanite-(Ce). These minerals appeared before garnet porphyroblast nucleation (<530–540°C, <5.5–7.5 kbar) and at the initial stages of its growth. Clinozoisite rims on allanite-(Ce) grains were formed during the same time as evidenced by zoned crystals of clinozoisite with allanite cores, which is preserved as inclusions within garnet. In the late stages of porphyroblast growth, rutile stabilized and the Fe–Ti oxide assemblage with rutile and metastable ilmenite originated due to attainment of maximum temperature and pressure (670–690°С, 10–11 kbar). During the retrograde metamorphic stage at 450–470°C and 3–5 kbar, rutile and ilmenite were replaced by titanite associated with late chlorite. The conditions and mechanisms of phase reactions controlling accessory mineral formation are discussed.

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Notes

  1. The article uses mineral notation of (Kretz, 1983).

  2. The term “calcic pelitic schists,” after (Menard and Spear, 1992), is used for metapelitic rocks enriched in CaO, which include carbonates and minerals of the epidote group.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. St. Petersburg Mining University, St. Petersburg, Russia

    S. A. Akbarpuran Haiyati, Yu. L. Gulbin & I. M. Gembitskaya

  2. Polar Marine Geological Expedition, St. Petersburg, Russia

    A. N. Sirotkin

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  1. S. A. Akbarpuran Haiyati
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  2. Yu. L. Gulbin
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Correspondence to Yu. L. Gulbin.

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Akbarpuran Haiyati, S.A., Gulbin, Y.L., Sirotkin, A.N. et al. Compositional Evolution of REE- and Ti-Bearing Accessory Minerals in Metamorphic Schists of Atomfjella Series, Western Ny Friesland, Svalbard and Its Petrogenetic Significance. Geol. Ore Deposits 63, 634–653 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1075701521070047

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