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Electron Microscopic Analysis of the Nb5Si3/NBC/NbSi2 Composite Structure

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Abstract

The results of studying a composite material based on Nb–Si–C are presented. The alloy was obtained by aluminothermic self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. To prepare the initial charge a mixture of powders of commercial niobium pentoxide Nb2O5 and commercial silicon carbide SiC was used. The process of niobium oxide Nb2O5 reduction was implemented using an aluminum powder. The study of the Nb–Si–C ternary system is of interest in terms of obtaining high-temperature materials of new generation for gas turbine engine construction capable of replacing heat-resistant nickel alloys, as well as the potential possibility of forming MAX phases (Mn + 1AXn phases, where n = 1, 2, 3, … ; M is the transition d-metal; A is the p-element; and X is carbon). The phase composition of the obtained Nb–Si–C composite was studied by X-ray diffraction. It has been shown that as a result of high-temperature synthesis NbC carbide and γ-Nb5Si3 and NbSi2 silicides are formed which are competing relative to the Nb2SiC MAX phase. The formation of Nb2SiC under the selected synthesis conditions was not detected. Using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray spectral analysis, the morphological distribution of the phases formed during high-temperature synthesis is analyzed in detail. It is shown that NbC carbide makes up the majority of the volume of the composite and is present in the form of pyramidal-shaped particles with a pyramid face size of ~10 μm. NbSi2 silicides are elongated rod-shaped particles with smooth edges measuring 30 × 80 μm; Nb5Si3 silicides do not have a specific shape.

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Funding

The research was carried out using the equipment of the Center of the Physical and Physicochemical Methods of Analysis, Investigation of the Properties and Characteristics of the Surface, Nanostructures, Materials, and Products, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences within the framework of the State Assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (state registration number 121030100001-3). We are grateful to V.A. Karev for obtaining samples using the SHS method and I.K. Averkiev for scanning electron microscopy studies.

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  1. Scientific Center of Metallurgical Physics and Materials Science, Udmurt Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 426067, Izhevsk, Russia

    R. M. Nikonova, N. S. Larionova & V. I. Lad’yanov

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  1. R. M. Nikonova
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  2. N. S. Larionova
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  3. V. I. Lad’yanov
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Correspondence to R. M. Nikonova.

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Nikonova, R.M., Larionova, N.S. & Lad’yanov, V.I. Electron Microscopic Analysis of the Nb5Si3/NBC/NbSi2 Composite Structure. J. Surf. Investig. 18, 235–240 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1027451024010300

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