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Electroactive Composites Based on Lithium Intercalation Compounds and Highly Conductive Materials: Methods of Synthesis and Electrochemical Characteristics

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Abstract

Many lithium intercalation compounds, which have successful applications as lithium-ion battery electrode materials, are used not in individual state, but as a part of specially organized composites containing also auxiliary components distributed over the surface of intercalation-material particles, as well as in the interparticle space. The applied modifier-substances affect such characteristics of intercalation materials as capacity, its reversibility, and persistence during long-term cycling in the charge–discharge mode, as well as with varying the electrode current and potential ranges. In this work, the behavior of a modifying agent, belonging to the class of compounds known in the literature as MAX phases, is studied in detail in the composition of an electroactive composite. The MAX-phase agents have general formula Mn + 1AXn, where M is the transition metal, A is the element of the Periodic Table III–VI groups, and X is C or N. The temperature required for the Ti3SiC2 compound synthesis is close to 1500°C. We succeeded in reducing the temperature by means of preliminary mechanochemical treatment of the reagents’ mixture. The action mechanism of the Ti3SiC2-modifier is considered in comparison with similar models proposed in the literature. Comparison of the characteristics of composite materials with different Ti3SiC2-content and different types of modified intercalation compounds (substrates) showed a positive effect of the modifier both on the kinetics of electrode processes and the rate of degradation of the materials’ capacitive characteristics.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 20-03-00381).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chemistry, Saratov State University, 410012, Saratov, Russia

    A. V. Ivanishchev & I. A. Ivanishcheva

  2. Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, POSCO Global R&D Center, 100 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, 21985, Incheon, Republic of Korea

    S.-C. Nam

  3. Incheon National University, Academy-ro 119, Yeonsu-gu, 22012, Incheon, Republic of Korea

    J. Mun

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  1. A. V. Ivanishchev
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Translated by Yu. Pleskov

Based on the materials of the report at the 15th International Meeting “Fundamental Problems of Solid State Ionics”, Chernogolovka, 30.11.–07.12.2020.

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Ivanishchev, A.V., Ivanishcheva, I.A., Nam, SC. et al. Electroactive Composites Based on Lithium Intercalation Compounds and Highly Conductive Materials: Methods of Synthesis and Electrochemical Characteristics. Russ J Electrochem 57, 706–720 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1023193521070053

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