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Petrology of the Mid-Paleoproterozoic Tiksheozero Ultramafic‒Alkaline‒Carbonatite Complex (Northern Karelia)

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Abstract

The paper reports first comprehensive geological, petrographic, mineralogical, and geochemical data on one of the world’s oldest Tiksheozero ultramafic‒alkaline‒carbonatite complex (~1.99 Ga), which belongs to the Mid-Paleoproterozoic igneous province of the Baltic Shield. The complex was formed in three intrusive phases. The first phase is composed of the low-alkali mafic‒ultramafic rocks: dunites, wehrlites, clinopyroxenites, and gabbro. The rocks of the second phase are alkaline ultramafic rocks represented mainly by jacupirangites (alkaline clinopyroxenites) and foidolites (melteigites, ijoliltes, and urtites), with subordinate olivinites, alkaline gabbro, and nepheline syenites. The third intrusive phase is made up of carbonatites. Geochemical and mineralogical data indicate that all three phases were derived from different primary melts. It is shown that the nepheline syenites were obtained by fractionation of foidolites. A model of formation of such complexes through decompressional melting of mantle plume head enriched in carbonate fluid is proposed.

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Notes

  1. Results of the studies are presented in Supplementary materials to the Russian and English versions of the paper at https://elibrary.ru/ and http://link.springer.com/ respectively: (ESM_1. xlsx) characteristics of rocks (phases 1–3) of the Tiksheozero Complex; (ESM_2. xlsx) compositions of minerals in rocks of the Tiksheozero Complex; (ESM_3. xlsx) least square modeling of fractional crystallization.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are grateful to A.A. Nosova, A.V. Girnis, and anonymous reviewer for valuable comments, which significantly improved the manuscript.

Funding

This work was made in the framework of the State Tasks of the IGEM RAS (project no. 121041500222-4) and Institute of Geology of the Karelian Research Center of the RAS (theme NIR-210, Raw Mineral Department)

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  1. Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    E. V. Sharkov, A. V. Chistyakov & M. M. Bogina

  2. Institute of Geology, Karelian Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Karelia, Russia

    V. V. Shchiptsov & P. V. Frolov

  3. Center for Isotopic Research, Karpinskii All-Russia Geological Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia

    B. V. Belyatsky

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Sharkov, E.V., Chistyakov, A.V., Bogina, M.M. et al. Petrology of the Mid-Paleoproterozoic Tiksheozero Ultramafic‒Alkaline‒Carbonatite Complex (Northern Karelia). Petrology 29, 475–501 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0869591121050076

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