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Cytogenetic Analysis of Sturisoma barbatum (Loricariidae): New Inferences about Karyotypic Diversification of Sturisoma

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Abstract

Cytogenetic studies in Sturisoma are rare; this genus had 11 valid species distributed in basins in South America. In this article, we aimed to expand on the cytogenetic data available for Sturisoma, contributing to the record of the karyotype and other chromosomal characteristics of both minor and major ribosomal DNA of S. barbatum from the upper Paraguay River basin. This population had diploid chromosome number 66, a karyotype composed of 20 metacentric, 14 submetacentric, 14 subtelocentric, and 18 acrocentric chromosomes, and a fundamental number of 114 for both sexes. Heterochromatic regions were observed in the short arms of the nucleolus organizer regions (NOR)-bearing chromosome pair. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed a single 18S site and multiple 5S ribosomal DNA sites. Data from NORs confirmed the tendency of this family to present simple NORs sites, as well as multiple sites of 5S ribosomal DNA. Pericentric inversions (or other types of centromeric shift) and/or deletions appear essential in the karyotype evolution and differentiation among S. barbatum. The present data are valuable to help in understanding karyotypic evolution in Loricariidae.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors thank Dr. Fernando Rogério Carvalho da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (Campo Grande, Brazil) for the taxonomic identification of the specimens. We also thank the contributions made by anonymous referees.

Funding

This work was supported by ongoing institutional funding of State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Coxim University Unit, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. No additional grants to carry out or direct this particular research were obtained.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Program of Comparative Biology, Center for Biological Sciences of the State University of Maringá, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cell Biology, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

    C. A. Fernandes

  2. Graduate Program of environmental biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics, and Cell Biology, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

    C. A. Fernandes

  3. Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture Research Nucleus (NUPELIA), Biological Sciences Center—State University of Maringá—Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

    C. A. Fernandes

  4. Genetic and Breeding Graduate Program, Department of Agronomy of the State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

    L. C. Balini

  5. State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Coxim University Unit, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

    M. M. de Rossi Vieira

Authors
  1. C. A. Fernandes
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  2. L. C. Balini
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  3. M. M. de Rossi Vieira
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the conception and design of the study. Margarida Maria de Rossi Vieira collected specimens. Ligia Carla Balini and Carlos Alexandre Fernandes performed cytogenetic analyses. All authors contributed to the writing of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. A. Fernandes.

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ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE

Animals were captured with the permission of the Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio; number 77612-2). This study was carried out in strict accordance with the recommendations of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, approved by the Committee on Ethics of Animal Experiments of the Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso do Sul (License Number: Protocol 003/2021—CEUA/UEMS). The experiments followed ethical conduct, and before euthanasia, the fish were anesthetized by an overdose of clove oil (Griffiths, 2000).

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The authors of this work declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Fernandes, C.A., Balini, L.C. & de Rossi Vieira, M.M. Cytogenetic Analysis of Sturisoma barbatum (Loricariidae): New Inferences about Karyotypic Diversification of Sturisoma. J. Ichthyol. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945224700024

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