Abstract
Data on the role of brain regions (forebrain, midbrain and other structures) in the control of schooling behavior of fish has been systematized. Data have been presented on the influence of the presence in the food of certain substances (docosahexaenoic acid) accumulating in the brain on the rate of formation of schooling behavior in fish ontogeny. The neurohormonal system may be involved in the regulation of schooling behavior. The individual behavior of fish in a school depends on the lateralization of brain functions. Attention has been drawn to the extremely poor knowledge of the processes of central and hormonal regulation of schooling behavior of fish. Vision is the leading, and most often the only sensory system that enables fish to demonstare schooling behavior. Monomodality distinguishes schooling behavior from other complex forms of fish behavior. Visual deprivation or deterioration of the conditions for visual reception makes schooling reactions of fish difficult or completely impossible. Existing assumptions about the possible participation in schooling behavior of other sensory systems of fish—lateral line, hearing, olfaction, electroreception—have been critically analyzed. Strict evidence of the real involvement of these sensory systems in the mediation of schooling contacts in fish is still lacking.
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Notes
The yellow-eyed mullet has a large number of superficial neuromasts on the body, they are located on each scale in these fish, each of the neuromasts includes several hundred receptor (hair) cells (Middlemiss et al., 2017).
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The authors express their sincere gratitude to A.A. Kazhlaev and L.S. Alekseeva (Moscow State University), who provided great assistance in preparing the article for publication. The authors are sincerely grateful to P.I. Kirillov (Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences) for careful and constructive editing of the text and illustrations, which improved the quality of the article.
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Kasumyan, A.O., Pavlov, D.S. Central Nervous System, Hormonal Regulation and Sensory Control of Schooling Behavior of Fish. J. Ichthyol. 63, 1264–1272 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945223070056
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945223070056