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Characterization of Bacteria Capable of Degrading Lindane (γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane) and Study the Dynamics of Biodegradation

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Abstract

Nine bacterial isolates were recovered by enrichment culture technique and confirmed for lindane (γ-hexachlorocyclohexane, γ-HCH) degradation. Out of these, two pure cultures, Cal-11e and Tr-12d, were selected based on the data on their lindane tolerance and biodegradation ability. Chloride ions mineralization during lindane degradation by the isolates Cal-11e and Tr-12d was 0.43 and 0.45 mg/mL, respectively. After 15 days, lindane degradation by these strains was 60.0 and 64.77%, respectively. Gas chromatography mass-spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis indicated the presence of γ-pentachlorocyclohexene (γ-PCCH) as the primary degradation metabolite. Physiological, morphological, and biochemical characterization of the isolates was carried out. Half-life (T1/2) of lindane degradation by Cal-11e and Tr-12d isolates was 1.45 and 1.50 days, respectively. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the isolates Cal-11e and Tr-12d were closely related to Planomicrobium sp. and Planococcus sp., with 99 and 97% homology, respectively. Further, the 16S rRNA gene sequences pertaining to these two strains were submitted to National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) GenBank, and strains were characterized as Planomicrobium sp. strain Cal-11e and Planococcus sp. strain Tr-12d. Therefore, the two bacterial species involved in γ-HCH degradation can be explored in future biodegradation programs.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors wish to thank the Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal-131039 Sonipat, India, for providing the necessary facilities to carry out this research. R. Pannu was PhD scholar in this research, and Dr. D. Kumar has supervised the research. The authors also wish to thank University Science Instrumentation Centre, AIRF, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India, for GC-MS analysis, and Yaazh Xenomics, Coimbatore, India for 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Sonepat-131009, Murthal, Haryana, India

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Availability of data and material: The 16S rRNA gene sequence data of the two lindane degrading strains. Planomicrobium sp. strain Cal-11e, and Planococcus sp. strain Tr-12d were deposited to National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) GenBank with accession number(s), MF599364 and MF599366, respectively.

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Pannu, R., Kumar, D. Characterization of Bacteria Capable of Degrading Lindane (γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane) and Study the Dynamics of Biodegradation. Microbiology 92, 434–447 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0026261722602469

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