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Heterostructures coupling ultrathin metal carbides and chalcogenides

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Abstract

Non-layered transition metal carbides (TMCs) and layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are two well-studied material families that have individually received considerable attention over the past century. In recent years, with the shift towards two-dimensional materials and heterostructures, a field has emerged that is focused on the structure and properties of TMC/TMD heterostructures, which through chemical conversion exhibit diverse types of heterostructure configuration that host coupled 2D–3D interfaces, giving rise to exotic properties. In this Review, we highlight experimental and computational efforts to understand the routes to fabricate TMC/TMD heterostructures. Furthermore, we showcase how controlling these heterostructures can lead to emergent electronic transport, optical properties and improved catalytic properties.

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Fig. 1: Woodworking for TMC/TMD heterostructures.
Fig. 2: Timeline of the synthesis of TMCs, TMDs and TMD/TMC heterostructures.
Fig. 3: Emergent properties of TMC/TMD heterostructures.
Fig. 4: Highlights of UThTMC and TMC/TMD heterostructures realized from group IV, V and VI transition metals.

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Acknowledgements

This work was primarily supported by the Basic Office of Science of the Department of Energy under award number DE-SC0018025. Y.L. acknowledges partial support from the Shenzhen Basic Research Project (grant number JCYJ20220530142816037) and the Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 2022A1515110936). Crystal structures generated using CrystalMaker, CrystalMaker Software Ltd, Oxford, England (www.crystalmaker.com).

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  1. These authors contributed equally: Alexander J. Sredenschek, David Emanuel Sanchez.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

    Alexander J. Sredenschek & Mauricio Terrones

  2. Center for 2D and Layered Materials, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

    Alexander J. Sredenschek, David Emanuel Sanchez, Jiayang Wang, Susan B. Sinnott & Mauricio Terrones

  3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

    David Emanuel Sanchez, Jiayang Wang, Susan B. Sinnott & Mauricio Terrones

  4. Institute of Materials Research & Center of Double Helix & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Thermal Management Engineering and Materials, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, China

    Yu Lei

  5. Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

    Susan B. Sinnott & Mauricio Terrones

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Sredenschek, A.J., Sanchez, D.E., Wang, J. et al. Heterostructures coupling ultrathin metal carbides and chalcogenides. Nat. Mater. 23, 460–469 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-024-01827-x

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