Abstract
The effect of mutation aar V158 on anaphase separation of chromatids was studied on fixed cells of neural ganglia of Drosophila melanogaster larvae. It was shown that mutation aar V158 causes three types of defective chromosome segregation manifested as (1) monopolar anaphase, (2) separation of chromatids to an abnormally short distance in anaphase, and (3) bridging and lagging of some chromatids or prolonged asynchronous separation of sister chromatid sets to the poles in anaphase. We believe that the former two types of defective segregation are caused by disturbed centrosome separation at the beginning of mitosis and the third type, by defects in chromatid separation during anaphase. During the two-year maintenance of the mutation in a heterozygous state, partial correction (adaptive modification) of the defects of type 1 and type 2 (but not type 3) occurred. The correction of type 1 and type 2 defects during adaptogenesis depended on the genotype: in heterozygotes and homozygotes, respectively type 1 and type 2 were preferentially corrected. The frequency of type 3 defects remained constant during the two-year period of maintenance of the mutation in a heterozygous state. However, in all variants of the experiment, their frequency decreased with increasing distance between the sister chromatid sets. In the cells that completed the previous division with abnormalities, the checkpoint system is supposed to effectively arrest the cell cycle in the subsequent division.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Modrich, P., DNA Mismatch Correction, Annu. Rev. Biochem., 1987, vol. 56, pp. 435-466.
Graf, U., van Schaik, N., and Wurgler, F.E., Drosophila Genetics: A Practical Course, Berlin: Springler-Verlag, 2000.
Nicklas, R.B., How Cells Get the Right Chromosomes, Science, 1997, vol. 275, pp. 632-637.
Murray, A. and Hunt, T., The Cell Cycle: An Introduction, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1993.
Rieder, C.L., Schultz, A., Cole, R., and Sluder, G., Anaphase Onset in Vertebrate Somatic Cells Is Controlled by Checkpoint That Monitors Sister Kinetochore Attachment to the Spindle, J. Cell Biol., 1994, vol. 127, pp. 1301-1310.
Lebedeva, L.I., Fedorova, S.A., and Omel'yanchuk, L.V., The Genetic Control of Mitosis: Premature Initiation of Telophase Chromatin Reorganization in Cells of the ff3 Mutant Strain of D. melanogaster, Genetika (Moscow) (in press).
Hartwell, L.H. and Smith, D., Altered Fidelity of Mitotic Chromosome Transmission in Cell-Cycle Mutants of S. cerevisiae, Genetics, 1985, vol. 110, pp. 381-395.
Toda, T., Adachi, Y., and Yanagida, M., Identification of the Pleiotropic Cell Division Cycle Gene NDA2 as One of Two Different ?-Tubulin Genes in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Cell (Cambridge, Mass.), 1984, vol. 37, pp. 233-242.
Uemura, T. and Yanagida, M., Isolation of Type I and II DNA Topoisomerase Mutants from Fission Yeast: Single and Double Mutants Show Different Phenotypes in Cell Growth and Chromatin Organization, EMBO J., 1984, vol. 3, pp. 1734-1744.
Hirano, T., Hiraoka, Y., and Yanagida, M., A Temperature-Sensitive Mutation in the Schizosaccharomyces pombe Gene nuc 2+ Encoding a Nuclear Scaffold-like Protein Blocks Spindle Elongation in Mitotic Anaphase, J. Cell Biol., 1988, vol. 106, pp. 1171-1183.
Ohkura, H., Adachi, Y., Kinoshita, N., et al., Cold-Sensitive and Caffeine-Supersensitive Mutants of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe dis Genes Implicated in Sister Chromatid Separation during Mitosis, EMBO J., 1988, vol. 7, pp. 1465-1473.
Heald, R., Motor Function in the Mitotic Spindle, Cell (Cambridge, Mass.), 2000, vol. 102, pp. 399-402.
Doonan, J.H. and Morris, N.R., The bimG Gene of Aspergillus nidulans, Required for Completion of Anaphase, Encodes a Homolog of Mammalian Phosphoprotein Phosphatase 1, Cell (Cambridge, Mass.), 1989, vol. 57, pp. 987-996.
Omel'yanchuk, L.V., Volkova, E.I., and Fedorova, S.A., A Search for Mitosis-Disturbing Insertional Mutations in Drosophila melanogaster with the Use of a Transposon Containing a Reporter Gene, Genetika (Moscow), 1997, vol. 33, no. 11, pp. 1494-1501.
Mayer-Jaekel, R.E., Ohkura, H., Gomrs, R., et al., The 55-kDa Regulatory Subunit of Drosophila Protein Phosphatase 2A Is Required for Anaphase, Cell (Cambridge, Mass.), 1993, vol. 72, pp. 621-633.
Lebedeva, L.I., Trunova, S.A., and Omel'yanchuk, L.V., The Genetic Control of Mitosis: Adaptive Modification of the Expression of the v158 Mutation, Genetika (Moscow), 2000, vol. 36, no. 9, pp. 1348-1354.
Sekelsky, J.J., McKim, K.S., Messina, L., et al., Identification of Novel Meiotic Genes Recovered in a P Element Screen, Genetics, 1999, vol. 152, no. 2, pp. 529-542.
Schmalhausen, I.I., Faktory evolyutsii (Factors of Evolution), Moscow: Nauka, 1968.
Vel'kov, V.V., New Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms of Evolution: Stress Increases Genetic Diversity, Mol. Biol. (Moscow), 2002, vol. 36, pp. 277-285.
Cairns, J., Overbaugh, J., and Miller, S., The Origin of Mutants, Nature, 1988, vol. 335, pp. 142-145.
Glover, D.M., Leibovitz, M., McLean, D.A., and Parry, H., Mutations in aurora Prevent Centrosome Separation Leading to Formation of Monopolar Spindles, Cell (Cambridge, Mass.), 1995, vol. 81, pp. 95-106.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lebedeva, L.I., Trunova, S.A., Fedorova, S.A. et al. Genetic Control of Mitosis: Features of Anaphase Separation of Sister Chromatid Sets in Mutant Strain aar V158 in Drosophila melanogaster . Russian Journal of Genetics 39, 1021–1028 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025723117521
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025723117521