Abstract
The dynamic structure factor S(q, ω) for a model of superfluid 4 He in disorder is evaluated using Path Integral Monte Carlo and Maximum Entropy methods. Disorder is represented by randomly distributed static impurities interacting with the 4 He atoms via a simple attractive potential. The potential is parametrized to yield different values of the variance and correlation length of the resulting disordering environment. New weight in S(q, ω) at low ω (i.e., low energy excitations) is induced by disorder, as predicted in some previous calculations, and S(q, ω) is broadened. Assuming that S(q, ω) in disorder is dominated by a single peak, just as in the pure superfluid, the data suggest that the peak position is shifted by the disorder from the bulk value with a unique q dependence. The static structure factor S(q) is reduced at all wave vectors with increased impurity concentration.
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Boninsegni, M., Glyde, H.R. Excitations of Liquid 4He in Disorder. Journal of Low Temperature Physics 112, 251–264 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022641900623
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022641900623