Abstract
Nanocomposite materials made of silicate platelets randomly dispersed in a crosslinked polyurethane-acrylate have been readily produced by photoinitiated polymerization. The mineral filler (bentonite) was treated by an ammonium salt or an acrylated amine to make it organophilic and allow the acrylic resin containing a photoinitiator (aromatic ketone) to penetrate into the expanded organoclay galleries. The photoinitiated crosslinking polymerization reaction was followed in real time by infrared spectroscopy and shown to proceed extensively (>95% conversion) within a few seconds of UV-irradiation. The flat X-ray diffraction spectra recorded with the UV-cured material shows that the layered silicate has been completely exfoliated, thus demonstrating that a nanocomposite material has well been produced. This method of synthesis presents the distinct advantages associated with the UV-curing technology, namely, a solvent-free formulation undergoing ultrafast polymerization at ambient temperature in the presence of air.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M. ALEXANDRE and P. DUBOIS, Mater. Sci. En. 28 (2000) 1.
Y. KOJIMA, A. USUKI, M. KAWASUMI, A. OKADA, Y. FUKUSHIMA, T. KARAUCHI and O. KAMAGAITO, J. Mater. Res. 6 (1993) 1185.
P. C. LE BARON, Z. WANG and T. J. PINNAVAIA, Appl. Clay Sci. 15 (1999) 11.
A. BLUMSTEIN, Bull. Soc. Chim. (1961) 899.
Y. FUKUSHIMA and S. INAGAKI, J. Inclusion Phenom. 5 (1987) 473.
Q. ZHANG, Q. FU, L. JIANG and Y. LEI, Polym. Intern. 49 (2000) 1561.
R. A. VAIA and E. P. GIANNELIS, Macromolecules 30 (1997) 7990 and 8000.
P. REICHERT, J. KRESSLER, R. MÜLHAUPT and G. STÖPPELMANN Acta. Polym. 49 (1998) 116.
C. LAGALY, Appl. Clay Sci. 15 (1990) 1.
K. A. CARRADO, ibid. 17 (2000) 1.
J. W. GILMAN, C. L. JACKSON, A. B. MORGAN, R. HARRIS, E. MANIAR, E. P. GIANELLIS, M. WUTHERNOW, D. HILTON and S. PHILIPS, Chem. Mater. 12 (2000) 1866.
Y. FUKUSHIMA, A. OKADA, M. KAWASUMI, T. KURAUCHI and O. KAMIGAITO, Clay Mineral 23 (1988) 27.
M. KATO, A. USUKI and A. OKADA, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 66 (1997) 1781.
P. DUBOIS, J. ALEXANDRE, F. HINDRYCKS and R. JEROME J. Macromol. Sci. C38 (1998) 511.
A. AKELAH and A. MOET, J. Mater. Sci. 31 (1996) 1064.
J. G. DOH and I. CHO, Polym. Bull 41 (1998) 511.
Z. WANG and T. J. PINNAVAIA, Chem. Mater. 10 (1998) 3769.
P. B. MESSERSMITH and E. P. GIANELLIS, ibid. 6 (1994) 1719.
T. LAN and T. J. PINNAVAIA, ibid. 6 (1994) 2216.
C. ZILY, R. MÜLHAUPT and J. FINTER, Macromol. Chem. Phys. 200 (1999) 661.
C. DECKER, Progr. Polym. Sci. 21 (1996) 1319.
H. J. GLÉSEL, E. HARTMAN, R. MEHNERT, D. HIRSCH, R. BÜTTCHER and J. HORMES, Nucl. Instr. Mat. Phys. Research B 151 (1999) 200.
X. XU, Y. YIN, X. GE, H. WU and Z. ZANG, Mater. Lett. 37 (1998) 354.
C. DECKER, Chimia 47 (1993) 378.
M. MISRA, A. GUEST and M. TILLEY, Surf. Coat. Intern. 81 (1998) 594.
T. KOCH, M. MENNING and H. SCHMIDT, Adv. Sci. Technol. 17 (1999) 681.
K. ZAHOUILY, S. BENFARHI, T. BENDAIKHA, J. BARON and C. DECKER, in Proc. RadTech Europe, 2001, p. 583.
C. VU, O. LA FERTE and A ERANIAN, in Proc. RadTech Europe Conf., 2001, p. 621.
W. HUIMIN, M. MINGHUA, J. YONGEAI, L. QINGSHAN, Z. XIACHONG and W. SHIKANG, Polym. Intern. 51 (2002) 7.
C. DECKER, ibid. 45 (1998) 133.
C. DECKER and K. MOUSSA, Macromolecules 22 (1989) 4455.
Idem., Makromol. Chem. 189 (1988) 2381.
C. DECKER, D. DECKER and F. MOREL, in “Photopolymerization. Fundamentals and Applications, ” edited by A. B. SCRANTON, C. N. BOWMAN and R. W. PEIFFER (ACS Symp. Series 673 (Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC, 1997) p. 63.
T. LAN, P. D. KAVIRATNA and T. J. PINNAVAIA, Chem. Mater. 6 (1994) 573.
K. YANO, A. USUKI and A. OKADA, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed. 35 (1997) 2289.
R. A. VAIA, R. K. TEUKOLSKY and E. P. GIANELLIS, Chem. Mater. 6 (1994) 1017.
C. DECKER and A. JENKINS, Macromolecules 18 (1985) 1241.
V. IVANOV and C. DECKER, Polym. Intern. 50 (2001) 113.
R. MÜLHAUPT, European Polymer Federation, AIM Magazine, (July 2001) p. 50.
J. H. CHOY, S. J. KWON, S. J. HWANG, Y. I. KIM and W. LEE, J. Mater. Chem. 9 (1999) 129.
V. LAGET, C. HORNICK, P. RABU and M. DRILLON, ibid. 9 (1999) 169.
J. Y. KIM, J. W. LEE and K. D. SUH, Macromol. Rapid. Commun. 22 (2001) 1432.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Decker, C., Zahouily, K., Keller, L. et al. Ultrafast synthesis of bentonite-acrylate nanocomposite materials by UV-radiation curing. Journal of Materials Science 37, 4831–4838 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020818414927
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020818414927