Abstract
Disorganised embryogenic tissues have been utilised as target tissues for transgene insertion and transgenic plant regeneration in cassava (Manihot esculenta). The production of friable embryogenic callus in fourteen geographically diverse cassava cultivars, from which eleven were established as embryogenic suspension cultures, is reported. Embryogenic tissues were similar in nature in all cultivars tested although there was variation in the time required to generate friable callus and the growth rates of suspension cultures. Regeneration of plants has been achieved from eight cultivars but varied significantly in efficiency, with cv. TMS 60444and Line 2 from Zimbabwe being the most responsive. Tissues from the remaining eight cultivars became arrested at globular and torpedo stages of regeneration indicating that they most likely process an inherent ability to produce plants but require further research to allow this to be realised. Significant numbers of transgenic plants containing transgenes for putative resistance to important viral diseases of cassava in addition to visual marker genes have been regenerated. Transgenic plants from three the cultivars TMS 60444, Bonoua Rouge and M.Col 1505 were recovered after particle bombardment of embryogenic suspension cultures. Correlation's have been made between abnormal leaf morphology and plant vigour with the use of embryogenic suspension cultures for transgene insertion. As an result friable embryogenic callus is now being successfully utilsed as the target tissue for genetic transformation and plant regeneration at ILTAB.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Birch, R.G., 1997. Plant transformation: problems and strategies for practical application. Ann RevPlant Physiol 48: 297–326.
Christou, P., 1996. Transformation technology. Trends Plant Sci 1:423–431.
Delleporta, R.A., J. Wood & J.B. Hicks, 1983. A plant DNA minipreparation: Version II. PlantMol Biol Rep 5: 387–405.
Frischmuth, T. & J. Stanley, 1991. African cassava mosaic virus DI DNAinterferes with the replication of both genomic components. Virology 183: 539–544.
Gresshoff, P. & C. Doy,1974. Derivation of a haploid cell line from Vitis vinifera and the importance of the stage of meiotic development of anthers for haploid culture of this and other genera. Z Planzenphysiol 73: 132–141.
Gonzalez, A.E., C. Schöpke, N.J. Taylor, R.N. Beachy & C.M. Fauquet, 1998. Regeneration of transgenic plants (Manihot esculenta Crantz) through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of embryogenic suspension cultures. Plant Cell Rep 17: 827–831.
Hong, Y. & J. Stanley, 1996. Virus resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana conferred by African cassava mosaic virusreplicationassociated protein (AC1) transgene. Mol Plant Mic Inter 9: 219–225.
Jefferson, R.A., 1987.Assaying chimeric genes in plants: the uidA gene fusion system. Plant Mol Biol Rep 5: 387–405.
Li, H.Q.,C. Sautter, I. Potrykus & J. Pounti-Kaerlas, 1996. Genetic transformation of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Nature Biotech 14: 736–740.
Lozano, J.C., A. Bellotti, J.A. Reyes, R, Howeler, D. Leihner & J. Doll,1981. Field Problems in Cassava. CIAT, Cali, Colombia, 119 pp.
Murashige, T. & F. Skoog, 1962. Arevised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol Plant 15: 473–497.
Raemakers, C.J.J.M., M. Amati, G. Staritsky, E. Jacobsen & R.G.F. Visser, 1993. Cyclic somatic embryogenesisand plant regeneration in cassava. Ann Bot 71: 289–294.
Raemakers, C.J.J.M., E. Sofiari, N.J. Taylor, G.G. Henshaw, E. Jacobsen, & R.G.F. Visser, 1996. Production of transgenic cassava plants by particle bombardment using luciferase activity as the selection marker. Mol Breeding 2: 339–349.
Schenk, R. & A. Hildebrandt,1972. Medium and techniques for induction and growth of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plant cell cultures. Can J Bot 50: 199–204.
Schöpke, C., N.J. Taylor, R. Carcamo, N.K. Konan, P. Marmey, G.G. Henshaw, R.N. Beachy & C.M. Fauquet, 1996. Regeneration of transgenic cassava plants (Manihot esculenta Crantz) from microbombarded embryogenic suspension cultures. Nature Biotech 14: 731–735.
Schöpke, C., M.V. Masona, N.J. Taylor, R. Carcamo, Thao Ho, R.N. Beachy & C.M. Fauquet, 2000. Production and Characterization of transgenic cassava plants expressing the coat protein gene of cassava common mosaic virus. In: Cassava Biotechnology. Proceedings: IV International Scientific Meeting Cassava Biotechnology Network. November 3–7 1998, pp. 236–242.
Taylor, N.J.,M. Edwards, R. Kiernan, C. Davey, D. Blakesley & G.G. Henshaw, 1996. Development of friable embryogenic callus and embryogenic suspension cultures in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Nature Biotech 14: 726–730.
Taylor, N.J., R.J. Kiernan, C. Davey, G.G. Henshaw & D. Blakesley, 1997. Improved procedures for theproduction of embryogenic tissues across a range of African cassava cultivars: Implications for genetic transformation. African J Root and Tuber Crops 2: 200–204.
Taylor, N.J., C. Schöpke, M.V. Masona & C.M Fauquet, 1999.Development and potential impact of genetic engineering technologies in cassava. Biotech Intl II: 268–275.
Thro, A.M., M. Fregene, N.J. Taylor, C.J.J.M. Raemakers, J. Pounti-Kaerlas, C. Schöpke, R.G.F. Visser, I. Potrykus, C.M. Fauquet, W. Roca & C. Hershey, 1999. Genetic biotechnologies and cassava-based development. In: T. Hohn & K.M. Leisinger (Eds.), Biotechnology for Food Developing Countries, pp. 141–184. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Verdaguer, B., A. de Kochko, C. Fux, R.N. Beachy & C.M. Fauquet, 1998. Functional organisation of the cassavavein mosaic virus (CsVMV) promoter. Plant Mol Biol 37: 1055–1067.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Taylor, N.J., Masona, M.V., Carcamo, R. et al. Production of embryogenic tissues and regeneration of transgenic plants in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Euphytica 120, 25–34 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017526814789
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017526814789