Abstract
A new dynamic process (DP) for rapid and continuous mixed metal oxide synthesis is illustrated for LiMn2O4 and LiCoO2. The DP synthetic method offers the possibility of producing pure or mixed lithiated metal oxide materials of controlled composition, phase-content, particle size, porosity and morphology. The final metal oxides are made from low-cost reactants; metals, carbonates and acetic acid, and are well suited for industrial scale-up. Characterization includes XRD, SEM, TEM, TGA, BJH (Barrett, Joyner, Halendal), laser beam light diffraction and electrochemical measurements. The DP synthesis method may offer high quality electrode materials (with total pore areas of 76 m2 g−1) to the future battery industry as scale-up is easily adopted.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M. M. Thackeray, W. I. F. David, P. G. Bruce and J. B. Goodenough, Mat. Res. Bull. 18 (1983) 461.
S. Bach, J. P. Pereira-Ramos, N. Baffier and R. Messina, Electrochim. Acta 37 (1992) 1301.
F. K. Shokoohi, J. M. Tarascon, B. J. Wilkens, D. Guyomard and C. C. Chang, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 1845.
M. Sugawara, M. Fujiwara and K. Matsuki, Prog. Batteries Battery Mater. 12 (1993) 181.
A. Momchilov, V. Manev, A. Nassalevska and A. Kozawa, J. Power Sources 41 (1993) 305.
W. F. Howard, Proc. 7th Lithium Battery Meeting, IA35 (1994) 281.
H. Huang and P. G. Bruce, J. Electrochem. Soc. 141 (1994) L76.
J. Barker, K. West, Y. Sajdi, R. Pynenburg, B. Zachau-Christensen and R. Koksbang, J. Power Sources 54 (1995) 4759.
P. Barboux, J. M. Tarascon and F. K. Shokoohi, J. Solid State Chem. 94 (1991) 185.
A. Mendiboure, C. Delmas and P. Hagenmuller, Mat. Res. Bull. 19 (1984) 1383.
K. Mizushima, P. C. Jones, J. P. Wiseman and J. B. Goodenough, ibid. 15 (1980) 783.
M. G. S. R. Thomas, P. G. Bruce and J. B. Goodenough, J. Electrochem. Soc. 132 (1985) 1521.
M. Yoshio, H. Tanaka, K. Tominaga and H. Noguchi, J. Power Sources 40 (1992) 347.
J. N. Reimers, J. R. Dahn and U. von Sacken, J. Electrochem. Soc. 140 (1993) 2752.
J. R. Dahn, U. von Sacken and C. A. Michael, Solid State Ionics 44 (1990) 87.
J. J. Auborn and Y. L. Barberio, J. Electrochem. Soc. 134 (1987) 638.
E. Plicta, S. Slane, M. Uchiyama, M. Salomon, D. Chua, W. B. Ebner and H. W. Lin, ibid. 136 (1989) 1865.
R. J. Gummow, D. C. Liles, M. M. Thackeray, Mat. Res. Bull. 28 (1993) 1249.
B. Oyang, S. G. Greenbaum, M. Boer, A. Massucco, M. McLin, J. Shi and D. Fauteux, Mat. Res. Proc. 369 (1995) 29.
H. M. Rietveld, J. Appl. Cryst. 2 (1969) 65.
A. C. Larson and R. B. von Dreele, LANCE, MS-H805, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM (1995).
Y. Gao and J. R. Dahn, Appl. Phys. Lett. 66 (1995) 2487.
National Bureau of Standards (US), `Monograph 25', 21 (1984) 78.
A. Mosbah, A. Verbaere and M. Tournoux, Mat. Res. Bull. 18 (1983) 1375.
W. D. Johnston, R. R. Heikes and D. Sestrich, J. Phys. Chem. Sol. 7 (1958) 1.
D. Fauteux, A. Massucco, M. Rona and K. Johnson, Proc. 8th Lithium Battery Meeting, Japan, June (1996).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
FAUTEUX , D.G., MASSUCCO , A., SHI , J. et al. Flexible synthesis of mixed metal oxides illustrated for LiMn2O4 and LiCoO2. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 27, 543–549 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018494511418
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018494511418