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Response of Western Flower Thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis and Its Predator Amblyseius Cucumeris to Chrysanthemum Volatiles in Olfactometer and Greenhouse Trials

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Abstract

In olfactometer assays, the predatory mite Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) recorded a significantly higher response to volatiles from chrysanthemum, Denranthema morifolium plants infested with western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) than to volatiles from healthy plants. This increased attraction was attributed to the presence of higher amounts of Germacrene-d in WFT-infested plants. In choice experiments using synthetic volatiles, the predator remained longer in the olfactometer treated with 50 ng Germacrene-D and made many entries at 500 mg.

Preferential attraction of WFT to healthy chrysanthemum flower buds was observed, and attributed to the significantly higher amounts of (E)-β-farnesene found in the buds compared to leaves and open flowers. This attraction peaked at 100 ng/μl (E)-β-farnesene. In greenhouse experiments, blue sticky traps with 500 ng (E)-β-farnesene or 1000 mg p-anisaldehyde attracted 32.3% and 27.5% more WFT than the untreated controls, respectively.

The prospects of using Germacrene-D in improving the attraction of A.cucumeris to whole chrysanthemum plants and (E)-β-farnesene in monitoring WFT, are discussed.

Résumé

Au cours des essais olfactométriques, Tacarien prédateur, Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) a montré une réponse très significative à l’égard des substances volatiles provenant d’un chrysanthème infesté par le trips occidental de fleurs, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), en comparaison des substances obtenues des plantes saines. Ce pouvoir attractif plus accru a été attribué aux concentrations très élevées de Germacrène-d dans les plantes infestées par ce trips. Dans des essais avec des volatiles synthétiques pour déceler le comportement de Tacarien, on a remarqué que le prédateur restait longtemps dans l’olfactomètre traité avec 50 ng de Germacrène-d et qu’il effectuait plusieurs entrées quand ce traitement était de 500 mg. Une attractivité préférentielle du trips par les boutons floraux était observée et elle fut attribuée à des hautes teneurs de (E)-β-farnesène contenues plus dans les boutons floraux que dans les feuilles ou les fleurs écloses. Ce pouvoir attractif atteignait le pic à la concentration de 100 ng/μl de (E)-β-farnesène. Au cours des expériences en serre, des pièges adhésifs bleus traités soit avec 500 ng de (E)-β-farnesène ou avec 1000 mg de p-anysaldéhyde attiraient respectivement 32,3% et 27,5% de trips de plus, en comparaison des témoins non traités. Les perspectives d’utilisation de Germacrène-D pour améliorer l’attraction de A. cucumeris par la plante entière de chrysanthème et l’emploi de (E)-β-farnesène dans le suivi de la dynamique du trips des fleurs sont discutées.

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Manjunatha, M., Pickett, J.A., Wadhams, L.J. et al. Response of Western Flower Thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis and Its Predator Amblyseius Cucumeris to Chrysanthemum Volatiles in Olfactometer and Greenhouse Trials. Int J Trop Insect Sci 18, 139–144 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758400007773

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742758400007773

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