Abstract
Objective
Ovarian surface epithelium (OSE), the precursor of the epithelial ovarian carcinomas, has limited growth potential in culture. Epidermal growth factor+hydrocortisone (EGF+HC) enhances its growth but induces epitheliomesenchymal transition (EMT). This study was undertaken to define the effects of EGF+HC and their reversibility, to optimize growth-promoting media, and to relate OSE phenotypes in vitro to physiologic states in vivo.
Methods
OSE was cultured in media 199/MDCB105 or EBM (Clonetics) with 2% or 10% fetal bovine serum with or without 10 ng/mL EGF, 1.0 Lg/mL HC, and 1.0 μg/mL bovine brain extract. Growth rates and growth potentials (population doublings [PD] to senescence) were defined, and growth patterns and expression of keratin and collagen types III and IV were compared with the ovarian cancer cell lines OVCAR3 and SKOV3.
Results
EGF+HC increased growth potentials from 12-14 PD to 40-42 PD and reduced PD time from 53 hours to 20 hours. Without EGF+HC, OSE cells remained uniformly epithelial. EGF+HC induced EMT (mesenchymal shapes, reduced keratin, and production of collagenous extracellular matrix), but the EMT response varied greatly among OSE from different women. EMT was reversed over 1-2 weeks by subculture into EGF+HC free medium in passage 1, but inconsistently thereafter. EGF+HC had no effect on the differentiation of ovarian carcinoma lines.
Conclusion
The phenotype of intact OSE in vivo is most closely reproduced in media without EGF+HC. EGF+HC enhances growth but initiates EMT, which likely mimics a repair response. Variations in EGF+HC-induced phenotypes point to the existence of OSE subpopulations with differing responsiveness to growth factors or steroids, which may relate to their susceptibility to malignant transformation.
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Supported by a grant (to N.A.) from the National Cancer Institute of Canada, with funds from the Canadian Cancer Society.
We thank Dr. R. Schwarz, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, for helpful and inspiring discussions.
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Salamanca, C.M., Maines-Bandiera, S.L., Leung, P.C.K. et al. Effects of Epidermal Growth Factor/Hydrocortisone on the Growth and Differentiation of Human Ovarian Surface Epithelium. Reprod. Sci. 11, 241–251 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsgi.2003.10.010
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsgi.2003.10.010