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Multiple LEDT wavelengths modulate the Akt signaling pathways and attenuate pathological events in mdx dystrophic muscle cells

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Abstract

This study is aimed at investigating the effects of LEDT, at multiple wavelengths, on intracellular calcium concentration; on transient receptor potential canonical channels; on calcium-binding protein; on myogenic factors; on myosin heavy chains; on Akt signaling pathway; on inflammatory markers; and on the angiogenic-inducing factor in dystrophic muscle cell culture experimental model. Dystrophic primary muscle cells were submitted to LEDT, at multiple wavelengths (420 nm, 470 nm, 660 nm, and 850 nm), and evaluated after 48 h for cytotoxic effects and intracellular calcium content. TRPC-1, TRPC-6, Calsequestrin, MyoD, Myogenin, MHC-slow, MHC-fast, p-AKT, p-mTOR, p-FoxO1, Myostatin, NF-κB, TNF-α, and VEGF levels were evaluated in dystrophic primary muscle cells by western blotting. The LEDT, at multiple wavelengths, treated-mdx muscle cells showed no cytotoxic effect and significant lower levels in [Ca2 +]i. The mdx muscle cells treated with LEDT showed a significant reduction of TRPC-1, NF-κB, TNF-α and MyoD levels and a significant increase of Myogenin, MHC-slow, p-AKT, p-mTOR, p-FoxO1 levels, and VEGF levels. Our findings suggest that different LEDT wavelengths modulate the Akt-signaling pathways and attenuate pathological events in dystrophic muscle cells, and a combined multiwavelength irradiation protocol may even provide a potentially therapeutic strategy for muscular dystrophies.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Mrs. Deirdre Jane Donovan Giraldo for the English revision of the manuscript.

Funding

This research was funded by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP; #2020/09733-4 and #2009/05992-6), Coordenação de Pessoal de Nível Superior-Brasil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001, CNPq and FAEPEX. G.L.R, D.S.M, and C.C.L were the recipients of a CAPES fellowship. C.C. was the recipient of a CNPq fellowship. H.N.M.S is the recipient of a CNPq fellowship.

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  1. Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil

    Guilherme Luiz da Rocha, Daniela Sayuri Mizobuti, Heloina Nathalliê Mariano da Silva, Caroline Covatti, Caroline Caramano de Lourenço, Elaine Cristina Leite Pereira & Elaine Minatel

  2. Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, PPG BTPB e PPGBCE, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    Marcos José Salvador

  3. Faculdade de Ceilândia, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, 72220-275, Brazil

    Elaine Cristina Leite Pereira

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  1. Guilherme Luiz da Rocha
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The authors have contributed substantially to conception and design, acquisition of data, analysis, and interpretation of data. All authors participated in drafting the article, revised it critically for important intellectual content, and gave final approval of the version to be submitted.

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Correspondence to Elaine Minatel.

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da Rocha, G.L., Mizobuti, D.S., da Silva, H.N.M. et al. Multiple LEDT wavelengths modulate the Akt signaling pathways and attenuate pathological events in mdx dystrophic muscle cells. Photochem Photobiol Sci 21, 1257–1272 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-022-00216-0

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