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Investigation of the chlorination behavior of Li(Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2)O2 for recycling

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Abstract

The chlorination behavior of Li(Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2)O2 (NCM(622)), a cathode material for Li-ion batteries, was investigated. Chlorination experiments were conducted in the temperature range of 400–600 ℃ for 1, 2, 4, and 8 h at each temperature under a 190 mL/min Ar + 10 mL/min Cl2 flow. A gradual phase transition from 1) a layered hexagonal structure to 2) Li-deficient hexagonal structures and to 3) a mixed phase of spinel M3O4 and rock-salt MO structures was revealed by X-ray diffraction. The phase transition was accelerated with an increase in the chlorination temperature in the range of 400–500 ℃, while the effect of the temperature was negligible when it exceeded 500 ℃. A chlorination-based recycling process was demonstrated using two NCM(622) specimens chlorinated at 500 ℃ for different reaction times of 1 and 4 h. The final weights of the re-synthesized specimens were equivalent to 88.4 and 90.9 wt% of the input amount for the 1 and 4 h cases, respectively, and their corresponding initial discharge capacities were similar at 161 and 166 mAh/g, despite the fact that they were re-synthesized from starting materials with different crystal structure and Li contents.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea Government (MSIT) (NRF-2021R1F1A1056492).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Decommissioning Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 111, Daedeok-Daero 989, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34057, Korea

    Min Ku Jeon & Sung-Wook Kim

  2. Neutron Science Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 111, Daedeok-Daero 989, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34057, Korea

    Hyungsub Kim & Kyoung Sun Kim

  3. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-Ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Korea

    Kyoung Sun Kim

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  1. Min Ku Jeon
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  2. Sung-Wook Kim
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Correspondence to Min Ku Jeon.

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Jeon, M.K., Kim, SW., Kim, H. et al. Investigation of the chlorination behavior of Li(Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2)O2 for recycling. J. Korean Ceram. Soc. 60, 440–449 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43207-022-00279-w

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