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Electrocatalytic reduction of 2,4 dinitrophenol on carbon black-modified glassy carbon electrode and its selective recognition in cold beverages

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Abstract

Nitrophenol sensors have garnered interest in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, environment safety and explosives. Various methods have been proposed to detect 4-nitrophenol, but nitrophenol isomers such as 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol have been comparatively less studied. For the first time, the present work explores graphitic nanocarbon, i.e., carbon black (CB) interface for sensing of DNP. Two reduction potentials were noted at − 0.48 and − 0.64 V for o-NO2 and p-NO2 moieties, respectively, at CB/GCE. At the same time, bare GCE (glassy carbon electrode) shows a single reduction potential at − 0.7 V. The electrocatalytic effect and adsorption ability of the interface was studied from the DNP concentration effect. Scan rate and pH studies suggest that the CB acquires four electrons for NO2 reduction by the diffusion phenomenon. A broad detection range of 10–250 µM DNP with a very low detection limit of 0.13 (o-form) and 0.15 µM (p-form) was achieved using the CB interface. The real-time applicability of the fabricated sensor was evaluated using commercially available beverages with excellent recovery values. The stability, repeatability and reproducibility of the CB interface were successfully confirmed. Comparison of the sensing parameters of the developed sensor with those reported in literature reveals excellent detection limit and response time for the CB-interfaced DNP sensor, indicating its potential for environmental and commercial applications.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the infrastructural support from SASTRA Deemed University. Furthermore, UM Krishnan and KSS Devi sincerely thank the RCUK grant (MR/P027881/1) and DST SERB (PDF0001764) Scheme, respectively, for financial aid.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, India

    Bose Dinesh, Anantharamakrishnan Aadhav, K. S. Shalini Devi & Uma Maheswari Krishnan

  2. School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, India

    Bose Dinesh, Anantharamakrishnan Aadhav, K. S. Shalini Devi & Uma Maheswari Krishnan

  3. School of Arts, Sciences, Humanities & Education, ABCDE Innovation Centre, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613 401, India

    Uma Maheswari Krishnan

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  1. Bose Dinesh
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Correspondence to Uma Maheswari Krishnan.

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Dinesh, B., Aadhav, A., Devi, K.S.S. et al. Electrocatalytic reduction of 2,4 dinitrophenol on carbon black-modified glassy carbon electrode and its selective recognition in cold beverages. Carbon Lett. 32, 1017–1029 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42823-022-00334-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42823-022-00334-w

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