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A Brief History of the Behavioral Analysis of Culture in Brazil

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Abstract

In this article, a history of behavior-analytic studies on culture in Brazil is presented, beginning with the pioneering work of Fred S. Keller and following its development through different phases, starting with PhD dissertations supervised by Carolina Bori in the 1970s at the University of São Paulo, and later continuing with the work by João Cláudio Todorov at the Universidade de Brasília and by Maria Amalia Andery at the Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo in the 1990s. We describe how meetings— from Think Tank 1 (2003) in São Paulo to Think Tank 6 (2019) in Brasília and other symposia (at national events) —were important in bringing together national and international investigators, who contributed to the development of the area called behavioral analysis of culture (BAC) in Brazil. We also highlight how the institutionalization of BAC in Brazil occurred through the establishment of lines of research in graduate programs, and how the graduate students of these programs accepted positions at other universities, spreading BAC throughout the country and helping to increase interest in the subject. In addition, we describe other relevant facts such as special issues of scientific journals and books published in Portuguese. Finally, we point out some current directions and future perspectives such as the development of courses verified by the Association for Behavior Analysis International for the certification of behavior analysts interested in culturo-behavior science.

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Notes

  1. This expression is more commonly used in Brazil. This field has also recently been called “culturo-behavior science” (Cihon & Mattaini, 2020).

  2. Kester Carrara (personal communication, October 19, 2020).

    4 http://reuni.mec.gov.br/o-que-e-o-reuni

  3. The name of the association changed in 2020 to the Brazilian Association of Behavior Sciences (Associação Brasileira de Ciências do Comportamento).

  4. Thomas Woelz (personal communication, November 12, 2020).

  5. The META software is a computerized task in which participants see two rows—one with numbers and one with empty cells. Participants are asked to enter numbers in the empty cells. The experimenter can set up different criteria for individual reinforcement (e.g., if the sum of the numbers equals an even or an odd number) or cultural consequences (e.g., if the sums of the numbers entered by two participants are the same).

  6. Lucas Couto de Carvalho (personal communication, July 15, 2020).

  7. Kester Carrara (personal communication, July 6, 2020).

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Acknowledgments

The present manuscript is being published just a few months after João Cláudio Todorov´s passing. He proposed the development of this manuscript and was very excited about the final product. Many parts of the text started from Todorov´s accounts and stories. As coauthors, we are thankful for the opportunity to help transform Todorov´s "memoirs" in a published text accessible to the scientific community. We hope parts of his repertoire be perpetuated in the future works of ourselves and the many behavior analysts he mentored and inspired!.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil

    João Cláudio Todorov

  2. Universidade de Rio Verde, Rio Verde, Brazil

    Fábio Henrique Baia

  3. Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Roberta Freitas-Lemos

  4. Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, USA

    Roberta Freitas-Lemos

  5. Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil

    Aécio Borba

  6. Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil

    Camila Muchon de Melo

  7. Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil

    Angelo A. S. Sampaio

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  1. João Cláudio Todorov
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  2. Fábio Henrique Baia
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  3. Roberta Freitas-Lemos
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  4. Aécio Borba
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  6. Angelo A. S. Sampaio
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Correspondence to Fábio Henrique Baia.

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Todorov, J.C., Baia, F.H., Freitas-Lemos, R. et al. A Brief History of the Behavioral Analysis of Culture in Brazil. Behav. Soc. Iss. 30, 397–427 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42822-021-00065-z

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