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Phosphate fertilization affects rhizosphere microbiome of maize and sorghum genotypes

  • Environmental Microbiology - Research Paper
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Abstract

Despite the lower reactivity of natural phosphates compared to soluble fertilizers, their P bioavailability can increase over the cultivation years, due to the physicochemical processes and the activity of soil microbiota. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the α and β diversity of the rhizosphere microbiota of maize and sorghum genotypes grown under different sources and doses of phosphate fertilizers. Four commercial maize and four sorghum genotypes were grown under field conditions with three levels of triple superphosphate (TSP) and two types of rock phosphate sources: phosphorite (RockP) and bayóvar (RP) during two seasons. Maize and sorghum presented a significant difference on the genetic β diversity of both rhizosferic bacterial and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Moreover, P doses within each phosphate source formed two distinct groups for maize and sorghum, and six bacterial phyla were identified in both crops with significant difference in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. It was observed that RockP fertilization increased Firmicutes population while Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum after TSP fertilization in maize. In sorghum, a significant impact of fertilization was observed on the Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria phyla. TSP fertilization increased the Acidobacteria population compared to no fertilized (P0) and RockP while Proteobacteria abundance in RockP was reduced compared to P0 and TSP, indicating a shift toward a more copiotrophic community. Our results suggested that the reactivity of P source is the predominant factor in bacterial community’ structures in the maize and sorghum rhizosphere from the evaluated genotypes, followed by P source.

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source formed two distinct groups for maize and sorghum: (I) 0 kg P2O5 ha−1 and (II) 50 and 100 kg P2O5 ha−1. Stress and ANOSIM p ≤ 0.05

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria, Embrapa (Grant number 12.14.10.003.00.00) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologico, CNPq/INCT-Plant-Growth “Promoting Microorganisms for Agricultural Sustainability and Environmental Responsibility” (Grant number 465133/2014–2, Fundação Araucaria-STI, Capes). MLC was recipient of a research fellowship from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior, Capes.

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  1. Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil

    Mariana Lourenço Campolino & Sylvia Morais de Sousa

  2. Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Sete Lagoas, MG, 35701-970, Brazil

    Ubiraci Gomes de Paula Lana, Eliane Aparecida Gomes, Antônio Marcos Coelho & Sylvia Morais de Sousa

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ESM 1

Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis (NMDS) using the Bray-Curtis distance matrix for the mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi community β diversity of different maize (a, b, c) and sorghum (d, e, f) genotypes grown under different fertilizers and P2O5 doses in 2016/17 season. Stress and ANOSIM p≤0.05.(PNG 527 kb)

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ESM 2

Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis (NMDS) using the Bray-Curtis distance matrix for the mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi community β diversity of different maize (a, b, c) and sorghum (d, e, f) genotypes grown under different fertilizers and P2O5 doses in 2017/18 season. Stress and ANOSIM p≤0.05. (TIF 139 kb)(PNG 532 kb)

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Campolino, M.L., de Paula Lana, U.G., Gomes, E.A. et al. Phosphate fertilization affects rhizosphere microbiome of maize and sorghum genotypes. Braz J Microbiol 53, 1371–1383 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-022-00747-9

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