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Rhizosphere Properties of Poaceae Genotypes Under P-limiting Conditions

  • Rhizosphere - Perspectives and Challenges - A Tribute to Lorenz Hiltner
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Abstract

Plant genotypes differ in P efficiency, i.e. their capacity to grow in soil with low P availability. Plant properties such as root and root hair length, release of P mineralising and mobilising compounds by the roots and P requirement for optimal growth are known to influence P efficiency. In order to improve the understanding of the role of rhizosphere properties in plant P uptake, we grew three Poaceae genotypes [two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes (the P-efficient Goldmark and the P-inefficient Janz), and the Australian native grass Austrostipa densiflora L.] to maturity in an acidic loamy sand with low P availability. Addition of 120 mg P as FePO4 kg−1 (P120) improved the growth of all three genotypes. In both P0 and P120, growth and P uptake were smaller in Janz than in Goldmark. During the vegetative phase, growth and P uptake of Austrostipa were smaller than in Goldmark in P0 but greater in P120. These differences can be explained by plant properties such as root growth, specific P uptake, mobilisation of inorganic and organic P by root exudates and P utilisation efficiency. In P120, P availability in the rhizosphere was least in Janz and greatest in Austrostipa. Microbial biomass P in the rhizosphere was least in Janz. Acid phosphatase activity was greatest in the rhizosphere of Austrostipa and least in Janz. Plant growth and P uptake were positively correlated with microbial P, acid phosphatase activity and resin P in the rhizosphere, suggesting that microorganisms contribute to uptake of P by plants in this soil. Microbial community composition in the rhizosphere [analysed by fatty acid methylester (FAME) analysis and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)] differed among genotypes, changed during plant development and was affected by P addition to the soil. Genotype-specific microbial community composition in the rhizosphere may have contributed to the observed differential capacity of plants to grow at low P availability.

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  1. Soil and Land Systems, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Adelaide, DP 636, 5005, SA, Australia

    P Marschner & Z Solaiman

  2. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, School of Earth and Geographical Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, WA, 6009, Crawley, Australia

    Z Rengel

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Marschner, P., Solaiman, Z. & Rengel, Z. Rhizosphere Properties of Poaceae Genotypes Under P-limiting Conditions. Plant Soil 283, 11–24 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-005-8295-5

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