Abstract
Purpose
New halophytic crops, such as quinoa, are emerging as potential alternatives to sustain the productivity and food security under high saline agro-ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to know how high SAR-saline water affects the ionic deposition in plant parts and grain nutritional quality of quinoa accessions.
Methods
Four levels of salinity in terms of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (ECiw) as 0.5 (hereafter, best available water (BAW)), 8, 16, and 24 dSm-1 having high-sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) were tested on 19 quinoa accessions. The sodium (Na) and potassium (K) concentrations in roots, shoots, and leaves were analyzed at flowering stage of each accession, while the grain yield and grain mineral concentrations were determined at harvest.
Results
The results showed that among the various plant parts, accumulation of the Na was the lowest in roots owing to faster translocation to above ground plant parts. The plant shoots acted as sinks of Na as evidenced from the highest Na concentration, which was 78.6, 113.7, and 185.6% higher over the roots at ECiw 8, 16, and 24 dSm-1, respectively. The K accumulation in shoots, leaves, and grains of quinoa accessions also showed an increasing trend with elevated salinity levels, except in the plant roots, where K concentration decreased with increasing salinity levels. The quinoa accessions CSQ2 and EC507740 recorded the lowest Na concentration in younger leaves over rest of the accessions. The salinity stress increased the zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), and protein concentrations in grains while decreased the calcium (Ca) concentration.
Conclusions
Overall, the results indicated that the selective ion transport, favorable K/Na ratio in young leaves, and Na loading in shoots and old leaves attributed to plant survival and better grain quality under high-SAR salinity stress in quinoa accessions.
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Data Availability
Data included in the study are presented in the manuscript and supplementary material.
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Acknowledgements
Authors sincerely acknowledge the Director, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, for supply of quinoa accessions for the present study. The authors are also thankful to the PME (Prioritization, Monitoring and Evaluation) cell of ICAR-CSSRI, Karnal, for internal review of manuscript (Ref. no. 26/2022) and Director, ICAR-CSSRI, Karnal, for providing all basic facilities to carry out the research work.
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Prajapat, K., Sanwal, S.K., Sharma, P.C. et al. Ionic Partitioning and Grain Mineral Contents in Quinoa Accessions in Response to High-SAR Saline Water Irrigation. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 24, 635–649 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-023-01571-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-023-01571-2