Abstract
Our objective was to evaluate the Trichoderma viride BHU-2953 seed priming on stem lignification, antioxidant enzyme activity, and changes in soybean physiological attributes under graded nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) application. Pot experiment was conducted by allocating six treatments in completely randomized design. Stem lignification, enzyme activities of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), H2O2, lipid peroxidation, and different plant physiochemical parameters were evaluated at different growth stages. Bio-priming enhanced the stem CAD and POD activities, causing vascular lignin deposition as a result of more root colonization by T. viride BHU-2953. Inflated leaf APX activities in primed treatments reduced the harmful effect of H2O2, generated from increased leaf SOD activities. Similarly, lipid peroxidation was minimized in bio-primed leaves, alleviating the stress from graded NPK doses. Longer root lengths in bio-primed soybeans improved the physiological use efficiency (PUE) of N and P. Higher PUE in T. viride BHU-2953-treated soybeans were able to enhance plant height, dry matter accumulation, and leaf area as compared to untreated ones. Seed yields of bio-primed soybeans were found higher than control but similar as compared to treatment only received recommended doses of fertilizers. Inoculation of T. viride BHU-2953 has positively influenced activities of APX, SOD, CAD, POD, and root length, triggering antioxidant defense responses, vascular lignification, and PUEs of nutrients, respectively. Thus, application of our findings can be highly encouraged by low input sustainable crop production.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are thankful to Professor H. B. Singh, Ex HOD, Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, IAS, BHU, Varanasi, India for supplying spores of Trichoderma viride BHU-2953.
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Paul, S., Rakshit, A. Evaluating Lignification, Antioxidative Defense, and Physiochemical Changes in Soybean Through Bio-Priming Under Graded Soil Fertilization. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 22, 2295–2306 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-022-00809-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-022-00809-9