Abstract
Identification of “donors” possessing superior traits to adapt to low phosphorus (P) soils is a primary requirement to develop efficient crop plants for sustainable agricultural production. Diverse wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 89) and triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack, 15) genotypes were phenotyped in soil with low and sufficient P for two seasons and once in the hydroponic system. Principal component analysis of relative biomass and grain weight revealed four clusters each for wheat and triticale. In low P soil, genotypes in the efficient cluster showed lesser reduction in total biomass, grain weight, total P uptake, and harvest index (HI), and improved P acquisition efficiency (PAE) and P harvest index (PHI) as compared to the inefficient cluster. In hydroponics, reduction in total biomass was less while root biomass and PAE increased at low P in the efficient genotypes. Out of 22 (soil) and 38 (hydroponics) P-efficient wheat genotypes, nine were overlapping in both screens while in P-inefficient cluster, out of 23 (soil) and 5 (hydroponics), three were common. A few P-efficient genotypes identified were DL784-3, DBW 16, and GW 322 and triticale TREAT, whereas P inefficient were C306 and ABACUS PVR (triticale). The selections in hydroponics are likely to be relevant in the field as demonstrated by overlapping of genotypes in both the mediums. Genotypic variations in P efficiency were strongly associated with P utilization rather than P uptake.
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Abbreviations
- P:
-
Phosphorus
- PAE:
-
Phosphorus acquisition efficiency
- HI:
-
Harvest index
- PHI:
-
Phosphorus harvest index
- PCA:
-
Principal component analysis
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Acknowledgements
We acknowledge the Indian Institute of Wheat & Barley Research, Karnal (India), Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (India), Australian Winter Cereals Collection (Australia), and CIMMYT (Mexico) for providing the seed material.
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This study was funded by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India (Grant # 38(1494)/19/EMR-II).
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Conceptualization—RP; funding acquisition—RP; investigation—PRS, DS; methodology—PRS, DS, SS; project administration—RP; resources—RP, AMS; supervision—RP, AMS; validation—SPR; roles/writing–original draft—PRS; writing–review and editing—RP, SS, AMS, DS.
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Soumya, P.R., Singh, D., Sharma, S. et al. Evaluation of Diverse Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Triticale (× Triticosecale) Genotypes for Low Phosphorus Stress Tolerance in Soil and Hydroponic Conditions. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 21, 1236–1251 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-021-00436-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-021-00436-w