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Elevated CO2 Affects the Soil Organic Carbon Fractions and Their Relation to Soil Microbial Properties in the Rhizosphere of Robinia pseudoacacia L. Seedlings in Cd-Contaminated Soils

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Abstract

As the global climates change, elevated CO2 and soil contamination by heavy metal co-occur in natural ecosystems, which are anticipated to affect soil organic carbon fractions (SOC) and their relation to soil microbial activities, but this issue has not been extensively examined. We investigated the response of SOC and their relation with soil microorganisms and enzyme activities in rhizosphere soils of Robinia pseudoacacia L. seedlings to elevated CO2 plus cadmium (Cd) contamination. We found that elevated CO2 significantly (p < 0.05) stimulated total organic carbon (TOC) (8.6%), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (32.6%), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) (13.5%), bacteria (11.6%), fungi (20.9%), actinomycetes (15.3%), urease (20.1%), dehydrogenase (15.8%), invertase (11.1%), and β-glucosidase (11.9%), and DOC, MBC, bacteria, actinomycetes, urease, and invertase presented smaller growth trend in the range of 500–700 μmol mol−1 CO2 than in the range of 385–500 μmol mol−1 CO2. Cd decreased DOC (30.1%), MBC (24.9%), bacteria (21.5%), actinomycetes (15.9%), and enzyme activities. Elevated CO2 offsets the negative effect of Cd on SOC and microbial activities (except for TOC and L-asparaginase). Procrustes rotation test was used to determine the drivers (elevated CO2, Cd, and CO2 + Cd) of the relation between SOC and microbial activities, revealing the correlations between SOC, soil microorganisms, and enzyme activities were higher under elevated CO2 than under elevated CO2 + Cd. Our results suggest elevated CO2 could stimulate soil fertility and microecological cycle in the rhizosphere microenvironment exposed to heavy metal by affecting the relationship between SOC and soil microbial properties.

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Funding

This study was jointly financed by National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 41807038) and Nanhu Scholars Program for Young Scholars of XYNU.

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  1. School of Geographic Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People’s Republic of China

    Shuping Huang

  2. Henan Key Laboratory for Synergistic Prevention of Water and Soil Environmental Pollution, Xinyang Normal University, 237 Changan Road, Xinyang, 464000, People’s Republic of China

    Shuping Huang

  3. Faculty of Resources & Safety Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing, 100000, People’s Republic of China

    Xueshi Huang

  4. Scholl of Environment Science and Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an, 710054, People’s Republic of China

    Ben Fang

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Huang, S., Huang, X. & Fang, B. Elevated CO2 Affects the Soil Organic Carbon Fractions and Their Relation to Soil Microbial Properties in the Rhizosphere of Robinia pseudoacacia L. Seedlings in Cd-Contaminated Soils. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 20, 1203–1214 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-020-00205-1

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