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Efficacy and field persistence of pyridalyl and insect growth regulators against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) and the induced oxidative stress in cotton

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Abstract

Insecticidal control of foliar pests is often accompanied by secondary oxidative stresses in treated plants. Pyridalyl and five insect growth regulators (IGRs), diflubenzuron, chromafenozide, chlorfluazuron, lufenuron and hexaflumuron were tested for their efficacy and persistence against 4th instar larvae of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) in field-laboratory bioassay experiments at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt. The potentiality of theses insecticides to induce oxidative stress in cotton plants (Gossypium barbadense Linnaeus var. Giza 92) was assessed via determination of the activity of the antioxidative enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) as well as total protein content. Pyridalyl exhibited the highest initial effect (96.5% mortality) and mean residual activity (68% mortality) against S. littoralis followed by hexaflumuron and diflubenzuron, while lufenuron resulted in the lowest initial effect and mean residual activity of 88.1% and 44.9% mortality, respectively. Pyridalyl was the most persistent on cotton plants (LT50 = 9.5 days) relative to the tested IGRs (LT50 = 5.78–7.54 days). Exposure of cotton to the tested insecticides caused oxidative stress to the treated plants in a concentration-dependent manner manifested in significant elevation of the activity of SOD, CAT, POD and PPO comparing to untreated ones. The IGRs varied in their ability to induce oxidative stress, and the maximum was recorded in the chlorfluazuron treatment. The total protein content significantly increased after application of the tested insecticides, and the increase was more pronounced in the treatments that contained a pyridine ring in their chemical structure i.e., chlorfluazuron and pyridalyl.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cotton Pesticides Evaluation Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, 12611, Egypt

    El-Zahi Saber El-Zahi

  2. Pesticides Chemistry & Toxicology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt

    Attiah Yousef Keratum, Abdelaziz Hasan Hosny & Nessreen Yousef Elsaeed Yousef

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  1. El-Zahi Saber El-Zahi
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  2. Attiah Yousef Keratum
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  3. Abdelaziz Hasan Hosny
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  4. Nessreen Yousef Elsaeed Yousef
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Correspondence to El-Zahi Saber El-Zahi.

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El-Zahi, EZ.S., Keratum, A.Y., Hosny, A.H. et al. Efficacy and field persistence of pyridalyl and insect growth regulators against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) and the induced oxidative stress in cotton. Int J Trop Insect Sci 42, 2795–2802 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-020-00419-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-020-00419-x

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