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Responses of Niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.] to cadmium and nickel stress

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Abstract

Niger (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass) is an incredibly useful but underutilized oil crop commonly grown in East Africa, mainly in Ethiopia, and the Indian subcontinent. Various abiotic stresses of the present-day environment significantly reduce crop productivity. Of them, heavy-metal stress is one of the major causes of osmotic stress that leads to oxidative stress. The present study aims to elucidate and understand the influence of nickel and cadmium chloride stress on seed germination, chlorophyll content, protein content, hydrogen peroxide production, proline accumulation, and antioxidant enzyme activity in niger. The germination rate of sterilized seeds exposed to 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 150 ppm of nickel and cadmium chloride was recorded 24 h after treatments. Four-week-old seedlings were also treated with heavy metals and biochemical observations were recorded on the 15th day after treatment. A direct relationship was noted between heavy metal stress and the hydrogen peroxide and proline content of niger. The extent of oxidative stress was significantly higher, as compared to the control, in all the treatments. The majority of the antioxidants exhibited a significantly negative relationship with chlorophyll and protein content of niger. Furthermore, a higher concentration of heavy metal stress results in decreased germination rate, chlorophyll content and triggers antioxidant enzyme activity. Thus, oxidative stress in niger caused by a high level of nickel and cadmium, which could result in membrane damage via the production of reactive oxygen species was compensated by the active defense mechanism via high proline accumulation and antioxidant enzyme activity.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The first author is highly indebted to the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (MoSHE-Ethiopia) for sponsorship and permission to join the graduate school and the Ethiopian embassy in New Delhi, India is warmly acknowledged. We are grateful to the Biotechnology Department of Sharda University, Greater Noida, for continuous technical help and support.

Funding

This work was funded and supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (MoSHE-Ethiopia). The author, TAA has received financing from the MoSHE-Ethiopia for academic and scientific endeavors. We attest that neither the writing of the manuscript nor its publication received any kind of financial or other support.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural and Computational Science, Woldia University, P.O. Box 400, Woldia, Ethiopia

    Aderajew Adgo Tesema

  2. Amhara Agricultural Research Institute (ARARI), P.O.Box 527, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

    Desalegn Abebe Mekonen

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  1. Aderajew Adgo Tesema
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“Both authors contributed to the concept and design of the study, material preparation, data collection, and analysis. The first draft of the manuscript written by AAT. Final manuscript was examined, discussed and approved by both authors.”

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Tesema, A.A., Mekonen, D.A. Responses of Niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.] to cadmium and nickel stress. Vegetos 37, 239–249 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42535-023-00591-8

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