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In vitro regeneration of Caralluma stalagmifera var. stalagmifera through LCT and ex vitro rooting: a cost effective approach for conservation of succulents

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Abstract

In vitro regeneration of Caralluma stalagmifera var. stalagmifera has been standardized through liquid culture technique; C. stalagmifera var. stalagmifera is an important succulent plant species with several medicinal and nutraceutical properties. The present study focuses on in vitro micropropagation through liquid culture technique (LCT) and ex vitro rooting of C. stalagmifera. Nodal shoot segments (3–4 cm) of mature 06 months old C. stalagmifera var. stalagmifera were taken as explant. Murashige and Skoog’s liquid medium (without agar) augmented with 0.5 mg L−1 BAP(6-benzylaminopurine) was found optimal for bud break; 3.4 ± 0.60 shoots with 2.33 ± 0.49 cm shoot length (SL) was obtained from each node. Shoots were multiplied by sub culturing on various combinations of BAP, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin. Maximum number (5.05 ± 1.60) of shoots obtained on liquid MS media supplemented with 0.1 mg L−1 each of BAP, Kinetin and IAA with SL of 3.60 ± 0.75 cm. Ex vitro rooting method was used to initiate rooting of in vitro generated shoots as it provides additional advantage in acclimatization and better adaptation to the newly formed shoots. Shoot bases were treated with various root inducing hormones thereafter transferred to sterilized soilrite and placed in the greenhouse. 90% in vitro regenerated plantlets were rooted successfully. Liquid culture medium is found to be better for micropropagation of plants; it is easy to prepare, less time consuming and require less manual handling and provides early response of cultures. Moreover, liquid culture technique provides fast and easy nutrients absorption and better aeration; results in faster shoot growth. An effective ex vitro rooting method was developed which is better over other methods of rooting as it provides hardening climate to the newly formed plantlets earlier to acclimatization. The liquid culture technique and ex vitro rooting both are helpful in reducing the cost of in vitro regeneration protocol of medicinal succulents.

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Data availability

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated during the current study.

Abbreviations

MS:

Murashige and Skoog’s medium

IBA:

Indole-3-butyric acid

NOA:

2-Naphthoxy acetic acid

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

Kn:

Kinetin (6-furfuryl amino Purine)

BAP:

6-Benzylaminopurine

rpm:

Rotation per minute

LCT:

Liquid culture technique

SL:

Shoot length

PPFD:

Photosynthetic photon flux density

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Acknowledgements

Suman Parihar is thankful to Dr. S. Karuppusamy, Department of Botany, The Madura College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu and Dr.Venkatesan Kannan, ICAR-CIARI, Port Blair, Andman & Nicobar Islands for helping in identification of the plant. Author is grateful to Prof G. S. Shekhawat for his help in manuscript preparation. Author is also thankful to Prof. N S Shekhawat for providing laboratory facilities.

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  1. Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342005, India

    Suman Parihar

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SP conceptualized the study; conducted all the experiments; and prepared the manuscript.

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Parihar, S. In vitro regeneration of Caralluma stalagmifera var. stalagmifera through LCT and ex vitro rooting: a cost effective approach for conservation of succulents. Vegetos 36, 1535–1543 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42535-023-00567-8

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