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Bioinspired 4D Printing Shape-Memory Polyurethane Rhinoplasty Prosthesis for Dynamic Aesthetic Adjustment

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Abstract

The disparity between the postoperative outcomes of rhinoplasty and the expected results frequently necessitates secondary or multiple surgeries as a compensatory measure, greatly diminishing patient satisfaction. However, there is renewed optimism for addressing these challenges through the innovative realm of Four-Dimensional (4D) printing. This groundbreaking technology enables three-dimensional objects with shape-memory properties to undergo predictable transformations under specific external stimuli. Consequently, implants crafted using 4D printing offer significant potential for dynamic adjustments. Inspired by worms in our research, we harnessed 4D printing to fabricate a Shape-Memory Polyurethane (SMPU) for use as a nasal augmentation prosthesis. The choice of SMPU was guided by its Glass Transition Temperature (Tg), which falls within the acceptable temperature range for the human body. This attribute allowed for temperature-responsive intraoperative self-deformation and postoperative remodeling. Our chosen animal model for experimentation was rabbits. Taking into account the anatomical structure of the rabbit nose, we designed and produced nasal augmentation prostheses with superior biocompatibility. These prostheses were then surgically implanted in a minimally invasive manner into the rabbit noses. Remarkably, they exhibited successful temperature-controlled in-surgery self-deformation according to the predetermined shape and non-invasive remodeling within a mere 9 days post-surgery. Subsequent histological evaluations confirmed the practical viability of these prostheses in a living organism. Our research findings posit that worm-inspired 4D-printed SMPU nasal prostheses hold significant promise for achieving dynamic aesthetic adjustments.

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Data Availability

Data will be made available on request.

Abbreviations

3D:

Three-dimensional

4D:

Four-dimensional

SMPs:

Shape memory polymers

SMPU:

Shape-memory polyurethane

PU:

Polyurethane

Tg :

Glass transition temperature

DSC:

Differential scanning calorimetry

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

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Funding

This work was financially supported by the talent reserve program of the first hospital of Jilin University (Grant Nos. JDYY-TRP-2024002); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 82372391, 82001971, 82102358 and 82202698); Scientific Development Program of Jilin Province (Grant Nos. 20200403088SF, 20220204117YY, YDZJ202201ZYTS086, 20200404202YY and 20200802008GH); Program of Jilin Provincial Health Department (Grant No. 2020SC2T064 and 2020SC2T065); Project of "Medical + X" Interdisciplinary Innovation Team of Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University (Grant No. 2022JBGS06); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2021M701384); Bethune Plan of Jilin University (Grant No. 2022B27, 2022B03).

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Author notes

  1. Jiaqi Liu and Guiwei Li contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China

    Jiaqi Liu & Chenyu Wang

  2. Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China

    Jiaqi Liu, He Liu, Jincheng Wang, Hui Wang & Xue Gao

  3. Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China

    Guiwei Li & Qingping Liu

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  1. Jiaqi Liu
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Correspondence to Chenyu Wang.

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The Institutional Animal Ethics Committee of the First hospital of Jilin university (approval no.: 20210339) approved all animal experiments.

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Liu, J., Li, G., Liu, H. et al. Bioinspired 4D Printing Shape-Memory Polyurethane Rhinoplasty Prosthesis for Dynamic Aesthetic Adjustment. J Bionic Eng (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42235-024-00503-9

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