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Microstructure and properties evolution of spark plasma sintered mullite-CNT composite with HfN addition

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Abstract

The current study aimed at assessing the effect of HfN addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of mullite-CNT composite. Accordingly, aluminum nitrate nonahydrate (ANN) and colloidal silica were mixed as the corresponding composition of stoichiometric mullite precursors. Afterward, 0.1 wt% CNTs was blended with calcined mullite precursors in ethanol media. Then, 10 wt% HfN powders was added to the mullite-0.1 wt% CNT mixture to prepare the hybrid composite. Both composites’ batches were spark plasma sintered at 1350 °C with the initial and final applied pressure of 10 and 50 MPa, respectively, under the vacuum condition of 15–25 Pa. Relative densities more than 99% of theoretical density were obtained for both prepared composites. XRD pattern of the hybrid composite demonstrated mullite, HfN, and HfO2 peaks as the only crystalline phases, while the related XRD pattern of the mullite-CNT sample consisted of only mullite peaks. The FESEM images also revealed the uniform distribution of reinforcement phases in the mullite matrix for both prepared composites. Thus, the highest bending strength of 537 ± 21 MPa, Vickers hardness of 18.33 ± 0.25 GPa, and fracture toughness of 4.79 ± 0.18 MPa·m1/2 were obtained for the hybrid composite.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to acknowledge the Islamic Azad University of Shahrood for its support.

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  1. Department of Engineering, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran

    Hamidreza Moslemi-firoozabadi & Sahebali Manafi

  2. Department of Engineering, Maybod Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maybod, Iran

    Davoud Ghahremani

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Moslemi-firoozabadi, H., Manafi, S. & Ghahremani, D. Microstructure and properties evolution of spark plasma sintered mullite-CNT composite with HfN addition. J Aust Ceram Soc 58, 1481–1490 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-022-00787-2

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